使用JavaConfig配置SpringMVC

目录结构

web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
    <!-- Configure ContextLoaderListener to use AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext
        instead of the default XmlWebApplicationContext -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextClass</param-name>
        <param-value>
            org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext
        </param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- Configuration locations must consist of one or more comma- or space-delimited
        fully-qualified @Configuration classes. Fully-qualified packages may also be
        specified for component-scanning -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>springdemo.config.AppConfig</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- Bootstrap the root application context as usual using ContextLoaderListener -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- Declare a Spring MVC DispatcherServlet as usual -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!-- Configure DispatcherServlet to use AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext
            instead of the default XmlWebApplicationContext -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextClass</param-name>
            <param-value>
                org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext
            </param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!-- Again, config locations must consist of one or more comma- or space-delimited
            and fully-qualified @Configuration classes -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>springdemo.config.MvcConfig</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>

    <!-- map all requests for /app/* to the dispatcher servlet -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

SpringMVC配置类：

@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages={"springdemo.controller"})
public class MvcConfig {
    
    /**
     * 配置JSP视图解析器
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public ViewResolver viewResolver(){
        InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
        resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
        resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
        resolver.setExposeContextBeansAsAttributes(true);
        return resolver;
    }
    
    /**
     * 配置默认的Servlet来处理静态资源
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public WebMvcConfigurerAdapter webMvcConfigurerAdapter(){
        return new WebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
                configurer.enable();
            }
        };
    }
}

Controller：

@Controller
public class CoffeeController {
    @RequestMapping(value="/show",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String showCoffee(){
        return "coffee";
    }
}

测试类：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(classes={MvcConfig.class})
public class CoffeeTest {
    private MockMvc mockMvc;
    
    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext wac;
    
    @Before
    public void init(){
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(wac).build();
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testShowCoffee() throws Exception{
        ResultActions resultActions = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/show"));
        resultActions.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.view().name("coffee"));
    }
}

可以选择继承AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer来替换web.xml中的配置：

public class WebAppInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer{

    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        return new Class<?>[]{AppConfig.class};
    }

    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
        return new Class<?>[]{MvcConfig.class};
    }

    @Override
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        return new String[]{"/"};
    }
}

pom.xml ：Spring pom.xml配置