一文详解如何通过Java实现SSL交互功能
创建证书
因为要产生 key 信任库，要求的密码至少的 6位数，所以密码设为 123456
- 首先 生成 根密钥和根证书
- 然后 生成 客户端密钥 和 客户端证书，使用根证书对应客户端证书签名，将根证书和签名客户端证书添加到密钥库中
- 最后 同上生成 服务端签名证书，并将根证书和服务端证书添加到 密钥库中。
对应的脚本如下所示：
#!/bin/bash
# 加个前缀
PFX='file'
# PassWord 这里只能使用单引号
PASS='123456'
echo "---- 产生根相关文件 ----"
echo "创建自签名的根密钥"
openssl genrsa -out ${PFX}.rooTKEy.pem 2048
echo "生成根证书"
openssl req -x509 -new -key ${PFX}.rootkey.pem -out ${PFX}.root.crt -subj "/C=CN/ST=GD/L=GZ/O=RootCA/OU=RootCA/CN=RootCA"
echo "----- 产生客户端相关文件 -----"
echo "生成客户端密钥"
openssl genrsa -out ${PFX}.clientkey.pem 2048
echo "生成客户端证书请求文件，使用根证书进行签发"
openssl req -new -key ${PFX}.clientkey.pem -out ${PFX}.client.csr -subj "/C=CN/ST=GD/L=GZ/O=BMW/OU=Vehicle/CN=Vehicle1"
echo "用根证书来签发客户端请求文件，生成客户端证书client.crt"
openssl x509 -req -in ${PFX}.client.csr -CA ${PFX}.root.crt -CAkey ${PFX}.rootkey.pem -CAcreateserial -days 3650 -out ${PFX}.client.crt
echo "打包客户端资料为pkcs12格式(client.pkcs12)"
openssl pkcs12 -export -in ${PFX}.client.crt -inkey clientkey.pem -out ${PFX}.client.pkcs12 -passin "pass:$PASS" -passout "pass:$PASS"
echo "生成信任客户端的keystore，把根证书以及需要信任的客户端的证书添加到这个keystore"
keytool -importcert -alias ca -file ${PFX}.root.crt -keystore ${PFX}.clienttrust.jks -storepass "$PASS" <<EOF
是
EOF
keytool -importcert -alias clientcert -file ${PFX}.client.crt -keystore ${PFX}.clienttrust.jks -storepass "$PASS"
echo "--------产生服务端相关文件----"
echo "生成服务器端的密匙"
openssl genrsa -out ${PFX}.serverkey.pem 2048
echo "生成服务器端证书的请求文件。请求根证书来签发"
openssl req -new -key ${PFX}.serverkey.pem -out ${PFX}.server.csr -subj "/C=CN/ST=GD/L=GZ/O=BMW/OU=IT/CN=Broker"
echo "用根证书来签发服务器端请求文件，生成服务器端证书server.crt"
openssl x509 -req -in ${PFX}.server.csr -CA ${PFX}.root.crt -CAkey ${PFX}.rootkey.pem -CAcreateserial -days 3650 -out ${PFX}.server.crt
echo "打包服务器端资料为pkcs12格式(server.pkcs12 )"
openssl pkcs12 -export -in ${PFX}.server.crt -inkey ${PFX}.serverkey.pem -out ${PFX}.server.pkcs12 -passin "pass:$PASS" -passout "pass:$PASS"
echo "生成信任服务器端的keystore，把根证书以及需要信任的服务端的证书添加到这个keystore"
keytool -importcert -alias ca -file ${PFX}.root.crt -keystore ${PFX}.servertrust.jks -storepass "$PASS" <<EOF
是
EOF
keytool -importcert -alias servercert -file ${PFX}.server.crt -keystore ${PFX}.servertrust.jks -storepass "$PASS"生成的文件目录，如下图所示：
#编码
编写 SSL Server
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class SSLServer {
private SSLServerSocket sslServerSocket;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SSLServer server = new SSLServer();
server.initTestServer();
server.process();
}
private SSLServerSocket initTestServer() throws Exception {
// ssl-cert 放在 测试 resources 目录下
String certDic = SSLServer.class.getClassLoader().getResource("ssl-cert").getPath();
sslServerSocket = initSocket(certDic + "/file.server.pkcs12",
certDic + "/file.clienttrust.jks",
"123456");
// 如果为 false 表示单向认证，否则为双向认证
sslServerSocket.setNeedClientAuth(false);
System.out.println("Server test initialted!");
return sslServerSocket;
}
private SSLServerSocket initSocket(String keyPath, String trustPath, String password) throws Exception {
SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLSv1.2");
char[] keystorePass = password.toCharArray();
context.init(SSLUtils.creatKey(keyPath, keystorePass).getKeyManagers(),
SSLUtils.creatTrustJks(trustPath, keystorePass).getTrustManagers(),
null);
return (SSLServerSocket) context.getServerSocketFactory().createServerSocket(9999);
}
//服务端回复客户端
private void process() throws Exception {
String bye = "Hello, I am Server!";
while (true) {
Socket socket = sslServerSocket.accept();
System.out.println("Received: " + SSLUtils.read(socket));
SSLUtils.write(bye, socket);
}
}
}编写 SSL Client
import javax.net.ssl.KeyManager;
import javax.net.ssl.KeyManagerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
public class SSLClient {
private SSLSocket sslSocket;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SSLClient client = new SSLClient();
client.init();
client.process();
}
private void init() throws Exception {
// ssl-cert 放在 测试 resources 目录下
String certDic = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("ssl-cert").getPath();
initSocket(certDic + "/file.server.pkcs12", certDic + "/file.servertrust.jks", "123456");
System.out.println("Client initiated.");
}
private void initSocket(String keystorePath, String trustStorePath, String password) throws Exception {
char[] keystorePass = password.toCharArray();
KeyManager[] keyManagers = null;
KeyManagerFactory keyManagerFactory = SSLUtils.creatKey(keystorePath, keystorePass);
if (keyManagerFactory != null) {
keyManagers = keyManagerFactory.getKeyManagers();
}
TrustManager[] trustManagers = null;
TrustManagerFactory trustManagerFactory = SSLUtils.creatTrustJks(trustStorePath, keystorePass);
if (trustManagerFactory != null) {
trustManagers = trustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers();
}
SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLSv1.2");
context.init(keyManagers, trustManagers, null);
String host = "127.0.0.1";
sslSocket = (SSLSocket) context.getSocketFactory().createSocket(host, 9999);
}
public void process() throws Exception {
String hello = "Client Hello";
SSLUtils.write(hello, sslSocket);
System.out.println(SSLUtils.read(sslSocket));
}
}通用编码
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import javax.net.ssl.KeyManagerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.NIO.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.KeyStore;
public class SSLUtils {
public static void write(String message, Socket sslSocket) throws Exception {
OutputStream out = sslSocket.getOutputStream();
byte[] messageBytes = message.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
out.write(messageBytes, 0, messageBytes.length);
out.flush();
}
public static String read(Socket sslSocket) throws Exception {
InputStream in = sslSocket.getInputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[50];
in.read(buffer);
return new String(buffer);
}
public static KeyManagerFactory creatKey(String keystorePath, char[] keystorePass) throws Exception {
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(keystorePath)) {
return null;
}
KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance("sunx509");
kmf.init(loadKeyStore(keystorePath, keystorePass), keystorePass);
return kmf;
}
public static TrustManagerFactory creatTrustJks(String trustClientKeystorePath, char[] keystorePass) throws Exception {
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(trustClientKeystorePath)) {
return null;
}
TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance("sunx509");
tmf.init(loadKeyStore(trustClientKeystorePath, keystorePass));
return tmf;
}
private static KeyStore loadKeyStore(String keystorePath, char[] keystorePass) throws Exception {
KeyStore serverKeyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(StringUtils.substringAfterLast(keystorePath, "."));
serverKeyStore.load(new FileInputStream(keystorePath), keystorePass);
return serverKeyStore;
}
}测试
启动 SSLServer 和 SSLClient 可以得到的结果如下所示：
使用 wireshark 抓包如下所示：
这就是对应的 SSL 连接
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