python之logging模块使用

2023-01-31 05:01:22 python logging 模块

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8
import logging
#定义handler的输出格式
fORMatter=logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s--%(name)s--%(filename)s--%(message)s')
#创建一个handler,用于写入日志文件,只输出debug级别以上的日志
fh=logging.FileHandler('test.log')
fh.setFormatter(formatter)
#再创建一个handler,用于输出到控制台
ch=logging.StreamHandler()
ch.setFormatter(formatter)
#创建一个logging命名为mylogger,%(name)s可调用这个名字
logger=logging.getLogger('mylogger')
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
#给logger添加handler
logger.addHandler(fh)
logger.addHandler(ch)
#记录两条日志
logger.info('foorbar')
logger.debug('just a test')
 
[aolens@aolens-2 ~/Documents/Python/reboot]$ python loggers.py
2017-03-01 15:21:22,434--mylogger--loggers.py--foorbar
2017-03-01 15:21:22,435--mylogger--loggers.py--just a test

Logging Formatter的参数：

%(name)s Name of the logger (logging channel)
%(levelno)s Numeric logging level for the message (DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, CRITICAL)
%(levelname)s Text logging level for the message ("DEBUG", "INFO" "WARNING", "ERROR", "CRITICAL")
%(pathname)s Full pathname of the source file where the logging call was issued (if available)
%(filename)s Filename portion of pathname
%(module)s Module (name portion of filename)
%(lineno)d Source line number where the logging call was issued (if available)
%(funcName)s Function name
%(created)f Time when the LogRecord was created (time.time() return value)
%(asctime)s Textual time when the LogRecord was created
%(msecs)d Millisecond portion of the creation time
%(relativeCreated)d Time in milliseconds when the LogRecord was created, relative to the time the logging module was loaded (typically at application startup time)
%(thread)d Thread ID (if available)
%(threadName)s Thread name (if available)
%(process)d Process ID (if available)
%(message)s The result of record.getMessage(), computed just as the record is emitted

function 封装logging日志调用
loggers.py中封装log日志调用。内容如下：

import loggingdef InitLogger(filename,level,name):    
    #create a logging object    
    logger = logging.getLogger()    
    logger.setLevel(level)    
    #format log file    
    formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(name)s-%(levelname)s-%(filename)s-[line:%(lineno)s]: %(message)s')    
    #create the logging file handler and format the log file    
    fh = logging.FileHandler(filename,mode='a+')    
    fh.setFormatter(formatter)    
    #create logging print Stream    
    ch = logging.StreamHandler()    
    ch.setFormatter(formatter)    
    #logger object load the hander    
    logger.addHandler(fh)    
    logger.addHandler(ch)    
    return logger

调用日志：

import loggers,logging
logger=loggers.InitLogger('./testfile.log',logging.INFO,'test')
logger.info("print info level log one line")

查看testfile.log日志文件

[aolens@aolens-2 ~/Documents/python/reboot]$ cat testfile.log
2017-03-01 15:45:15,974 root-INFO-sys.py-[line:6]: print info level log one line

方法二：Basic Demo

#filename:Loggers.py
def LoggingDemo():
    InitLogging('./test.log')
    logging.debug("this is debug message")
    logging.info("this is info message")
    logging.warning("this is warning message")
    logging.error("this is error message")
def InitLogging(logfilename):
    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
        format='%(asctime)s %(name)s-%(levelname)s-%(filename)s-[line:%(lineno)s]: %(message)s',
        datefmt=logfilename,
        filemode='w',
        filename=logfilename
        );
if __name__=='__main__':
    LoggingDemo()

basicConfig参数：

filename Specifies that a FileHandler be created, using the specified filename, rather than a StreamHandler.
filemode Specifies the mode to open the file, if filename is specified (if filemode is unspecified, it defaults to 'a').
format Use the specified format string for the handler.
datefmt Use the specified date/time format.
level Set the root logger level to the specified level.
stream Use the specified stream to initialize the StreamHandler. Note that this argument is incompatible with 'filename' - if both are present, 'stream' is ignored.

调用：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8
import loggers,logging
loggers.LoggingDemo()

以配置文件方式配置logger：

logger.conf:

#定义logger模块,root是父类,必须存在,其他的是自定义
#logging.getLogger(NAME)就相当于向logging模块注册了实例化了
#name中用,表示 log的继承关系
[loggers]
keys=root,exp01,exp02
#[logger_xxx] logger_模块名称
#level 级别,级别有DEBUG,INFO,WARNING,ERROR,CRITICAL
#handlers 处理类,可以有多个,用逗号分割
#qualname logger名称,应用程序通过logging.getLogger获取.对于不能获取的名称,则记录到root模块
#propagate 是否继承父类的LOG信息,0:否,1:是
[logger_root]
level=DEBUG
handlers=hand01,hand02
 
[logger_exp01]
handlers=hand01,hand02
qualname=exp01
propagate=0
 
[logger_exp02]
handlers=hand01,hand02
qualname=exp02
#[handler_xxx]
#class handler 类名
#level 日志级别
#formatter 上边定义的formatter
#args handler初始化函数参数
[handlers]
keys=hand01,hand02
 
[handler_hand01]
class=StreamHandler
level=INFO
formatter=form02
args=(sys.stderr,)
 
[handler_hand02]
class=FileHandler
level=DEBUG
formatter=form01
args=('test.log','a')
#和上边的格式一样formatter_XXX 用来格式化日志
[formatters]
keys=form01,form02
 
[formatter_form01]
format=%(asctime)s %(name)s-%(levelname)s-%(filename)s-[line:%(lineno)s]: %(message)s
datefmt=%a,%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S
 
[formatter_form02]
format=%(asctime)s %(name)s-%(levelname)s-%(filename)s-[line:%(lineno)s]: %(message)s
datefmt=%a,%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S

配置文件读取：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8
import logging,logging.config
logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf") ＃配置文件名称
logger = logging.getLogger("exp01") ＃调用日志模版，默认一定是root
logger.debug('this is debug')
logger.info('this is info')
logger.warning('this is warning')

执行输出：

[aolens@aolens-2 ~/Documents/python/reboot]$ python sys.py
Thu,02 Mar 2017 14:29:04 exp01-INFO-sys.py-[line:7]: this is info
Thu,02 Mar 2017 14:29:04 exp01-WARNING-sys.py-[line:8]: this is warning

文件输出：

[aolens@aolens-2 ~/Documents/python/reboot]$ cat test.log
Thu,02 Mar 2017 14:03:41 exp01-DEBUG-sys.py-[line:6]: this is debug
Thu,02 Mar 2017 14:03:41 exp01-INFO-sys.py-[line:7]: this is info
Thu,02 Mar 2017 14:03:41 exp01-WARNING-sys.py-[line:8]: this is warning

原文地址：https://www.aolens.cn/?p=1251

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python之logging模块使用

推荐使用方式：

以配置文件方式配置logger：