python 下chmod方法简单介绍

2023-01-31 05:01:52 简单 方法 介绍

         闲着无聊，想着如何能用python完全替代shell来管理服务器，呵呵，这个想法实在疯狂，首先来介绍下os模块下的chmod这个方法来替代shell下chmod这个命令呢，下面来看看这个方法的使用：

       os.chmod(path,mode)   这个方法应该很简单，只需要2个参数，一个是路径，一个是说明路径的模式，下面列出了这个用法中可以使用的一些常用的模式：

  • stat.S_ISUID: Set user ID on execution.                      不常用

  • stat.S_ISGID: Set group ID on execution.                    不常用

  • stat.S_ENFMT: Record locking enforced.                                          不常用

  • stat.S_ISVTX: Save text p_w_picpath after execution.                                在执行之后保存文字和图片

  • stat.S_IREAD: Read by owner.                                                          

  • 对于拥有者读的权限

  • stat.S_IWRITE: Write by owner.                                                         

  • 对于拥有者写的权限

  • stat.S_IEXEC: Execute by owner.                                                       

  • 对于拥有者执行的权限

  • stat.S_IRWXU: Read, write, and execute by owner.                          对于拥有者读写执行的权限

  • stat.S_IRUSR: Read by owner.                                                           

  • 对于拥有者读的权限

  • stat.S_IWUSR: Write by owner.                                                          

  • 对于拥有者写的权限

  • stat.S_IXUSR: Execute by owner.                                                      

  • 对于拥有者执行的权限

  • stat.S_IRWXG: Read, write, and execute by group.                         

  • 对于同组的人读写执行的权限

  • stat.S_IRGRP: Read by group.                                                            

  • 对于同组读的权限

  • stat.S_IWGRP: Write by group.                                                     

  • 对于同组写的权限

  • stat.S_IXGRP: Execute by group.                                                      

  • 对于同组执行的权限

  • stat.S_IRWXO: Read, write, and execute by others.                        

  •   对于其他组读写执行的权限

  • stat.S_IROTH: Read by others.                                                         

  • 对于其他组读的权限

  • stat.S_IWOTH: Write by others.                                                      

  •    对于其他组写的权限

  • stat.S_IXOTH: Execute by others.                                                     

  • 对于其他组执行的权限

 

介绍以上这么多的模式，下面来看下实际的操作吧:

 

   1:  In [36]: import os
   2:   
   3:  In [37]: import stat
   4:   
   5:  In [38]: !touch abc
   6:   
   7:  In [39]: !ls -l abc
   8:  -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0  6月  9 11:15 abc
   9:   
  10:  In [40]: os.chmod('abc',stat.S_IREAD)
  11:   
  12:  In [41]: !ls -l abc
  13:  -r-------- 1 root root 0  6月  9 11:15 abc
  14:   
  15:   
  16:  In [43]: os.chmod('abc',stat.S_IREAD+stat.S_IWOTH)
  17:   
  18:  In [44]: !ls -l abc
  19:  -r------w- 1 root root 0  6月  9 11:15 abc
  20:   
  21:  In [45]: os.chmod('abc',stat.S_IREAD+stat.S_IWOTH+stat.S_IXUSR)
  22:   
  23:  In [46]: !ls -l abc
  24:  -r-x----w- 1 root root 0  6月  9 11:15 abc
  25:   
  26:  In [47]: os.chmod('abc',stat.S_IREAD+stat.S_IWOTH+stat.S_IXUSR+stat.S_IRWX)
  27:  stat.S_IRWXG  stat.S_IRWXO  stat.S_IRWXU
  28:   
  29:  In [47]: os.chmod('abc',stat.S_IREAD+stat.S_IWOTH+stat.S_IXUSR+stat.S_IRWXO)
  30:   
  31:  In [48]: !ls -l abc
  32:  -r-x--x--x 1 root root 0  6月  9 11:15 abc
  33:   
  34:  In [49]: os.chmod('abc',stat.S_IRWX)
  35:  stat.S_IRWXG  stat.S_IRWXO  stat.S_IRWXU
  36:   
  37:  In [49]: os.chmod('abc',stat.S_IRWXO+stat.S_IRW)
  38:  stat.S_IRWXG  stat.S_IRWXO  stat.S_IRWXU
  39:   
  40:  In [49]: os.chmod('abc',stat.S_IRWXO+stat.S_IRWXG+stat.S_IRWX)
  41:  stat.S_IRWXG  stat.S_IRWXO  stat.S_IRWXU
  42:   
  43:  In [49]: os.chmod('abc',stat.S_IRWXO+stat.S_IRWXG+stat.S_IRWXO)
  44:   
  45:  In [50]: !ls -l abc
  46:  ---x---rw- 1 root root 0  6月  9 11:15 abc
  47:   
  48:  In [51]:

 

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