python mock 的一些小例子

2023-01-31 04:01:55 python 例子 些小

1.假如我想要mock库中date对象,但是我只想mock today()这个方法,就是today()返回我想要的结果,但是其他的date的初始化方法不能有所改变。

from datatime import date
with patch('mymodule.date') as mock_date:
    mock_date.taday.return_value = date(2010,10,8)
    mock_date.side_effect = lambda *args, **kw:date(*args, **kw)
    
    assert mymodule.date.today() == date(2010,10,8)
    assert mymodule.date(2009,6,8) == date(2009,6,8)


2.配置mock

mock = Mock()
attrs = {'method.return_value':3,'other.side_effect':KeyError}
mock.configure_mock(**attrs)
mock.method()   # return 3
mock.other()    # return KeyError

3.mock其他module中使用的函数

假如test_fuction_uu.py中要测试fuction_uu,但是fuction_uu调用了myfuction,我想要mock这个myfuction。终于用如下的patch的方式搞定了

test_module.py

def myfuction():
    return 2


def fuction_uu():
    return myfuction()

test_mock_fuction.py

@patch('test_module.myfuction',MagicMock(return_value = 13))
def test_faction_uu():
    print  fuction_uu()
    
if __name__ == '__main__':
    test_faction_uu()

4.对于类的patch,注意setup和teardown,在mock的官方文档中说如果setup中抛出异常,那么teardown就不会被执行,这可能会造成一个坑。文档上说用unittest2中的cleanup函数可以避免这个问题。

class MyTest():
    def setUp(self):
        patcher = patch('package.module.Class')
        self.MockClass = patcher.start()
        self.addCleanup(patcher.stop)
    
    def test_something(self):
        assert package.Module.Class is self.MockClass   

5.patch.object可以有“替换”参数的作用,下面这个

@patch.object(SomeClass,'class_mothod') 
def test(mock_method):
    SomeClass.class_method(3)
    mock_method.assert_called_with(3)
    
test()   # attention: no parameter!


6.mock数据库操作

mock = Mock()
cursor = mock.connection.cursor.return_value
cursor.execute.return_value = ['foo']
mock.conection.cursor().execute("select 1")
# return ['foo']
expected = call.connection.cursor().execute("select 1")
mock.mock_calls
#return [call.connection.cursor(),call.connection.cursor().ececute('select 1')]
mock.mock_calls == expected
#return True





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