centos7 安装python3.6及

2023-01-31 03:01:22 centos7 安装 python3

环境

默认Centos7的python版本是Python2.7，并且没有安装ipython

安装python3.6

  • 安装依赖 
    # yum install xz GCc zlib zlib-devel wget sqlite-devel openssl-devel -y
  • 官网下载源码 
    # wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.1/Python-3.6.1.tar.xz
  • 解压文件 
    # tar xf Python-3.6.1.tar.xz

  • 进入目录安装编译

    # cd Python-3.6.1 
#  ./configure --prefix=/usr/python3.6 
#  make && make install
  • 让系统默认使用python3 
    # cd /usr/bin/
# mv python python.bak
# ln -s /usr/python3.6/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
  • 设置python3相关变量 
    # tail -1 /etc/profile
PATH=$PATH:/usr/python3.6/bin/
# . /etc/profile
  • yum使用的是python2，替换python3之后可能导致无法正常工作，因此需要yum继续使用python2 
    # head -1 /usr/bin/yum 
#!/usr/bin/python2
# head -1 /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down 
#! /usr/bin/python2
  • 进入python3 
    # python
Python 3.6.1 (default, Dec 23 2017, 18:29:11) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more infORMation.
>>> exit()

    安装ipython3

  • 下载ipython安装包 
    # wget Https://pypi.python.org/packages/79/63/b671fc2bf0051739e87a7478a207bbeb45cfae3c328d38ccdd063D9e0074/ipython-6.1.0.tar.gz#md5=1e15e1ce3f3f722da6935d7ac0e51346
  • 安装ipython 
    # tar xf ipython-6.1.0.tar.gz
# cd ipython-6.1.0
# python setup.py install
......
......
changing mode of /usr/python3.6/bin/ipython3 to 755
changing mode of /usr/python3.6/bin/iptest3 to 755
running install_data
copying docs/man/ipython.1 -> /usr/python3.6/share/man/man1
running install_egg_info
Writing /usr/python3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/ipython-6.1.0-py3.6.egg-info
  • 进入ipython，报错 
    # ipython
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/python3.6/bin/ipython", line 4, in <module>
from IPython import start_ipython
File "/usr/python3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/__init__.py", line 54, in <module>
from .core.application import Application
File "/usr/python3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/core/application.py", line 23, in <module>
from traitlets.config.application import Application, catch_config_error
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'traitlets'

  • 根据报错提示安装缺失的相关模块

    # pip3 install traitlets 
# pip3 install pygments
# pip3 install pexpect
# pip3 install pickleshare
# pip3 install prompt_toolkit
# pip3 install simplegeneric
  • 再次尝试进入ipython
#ipython
Python 3.6.1 (default, Dec 23 2017, 19:28:41) 
Type 'copyright', 'credits' or 'license' for more information
IPython 6.1.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python. Type '?' for help.

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