idea搭建SSM框架遇踩的坑(附完整过程)
首先说明这是我一个不熟悉idea和SSM框架的新手小白遇到的坑,适合用idea搭建SSM框架的小伙伴看一看,老鸟就不用看了。以下为详细步骤(傻瓜教程,超级细节)
搭建SSM框架的前提当然是我们已经准备好一下环境
安装好的intellige idea, java环境,Tomcat服务器,Maven仓库,Mysql数据库。
打开idea,new一个project,选择maven项目,如图,注意不要选错成上面那个WEBapp
点击next继续,
groupid一般是公司名,Artfactid一般为项目名,对于idea的项目目录结构,我自己也没弄明白,不过这并不影响我们的目标
点击next继续,
这里我们使用自己的本地maven仓库,注意setting.xml,repository路径的修改。next继续,然后finish。
第一次建web maven项目可能需要的时间比较长,耐心等待Maven execution finished。最后的项目结构如下图
我们需要在main包下面新建一个java根目录
然后将java目录改成资源根目录。
然后再java目录下创建package com.ssm 如图
再在com.ssm下创建一个a.txt文件来分隔路径
然后在com.ssm 下创建一下6个package,然后删除a.txt,最后如下
修改pom.xml的内容如下
<project xmlns="Http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>自己项目的groupId</groupId>
<artifactId>自己项目对应</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>同上对应 Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<!-- spring版本号 -->
<spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<!-- mybatis版本号 -->
<mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
<!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
<slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<!-- 表示开发的时候引入,发布的时候不会加载此包 -->
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入Java EE jar 包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入mysql数据库链接jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.30</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入dbcp的jar包,用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jsTL标签类 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
<!-- log start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 格式化对象,方便输出日志 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastJSON</artifactId>
<version>1.1.41</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log end -->
<!-- 映入JSON -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 上传组件包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-messaging</artifactId>
<version>4.0.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-websocket</artifactId>
<version>4.0.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.Google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- 千万不要遗漏下面的内容,我就是遗漏了,导致deploment的war包里没有mapper里的xml文件 ,ecilpse中则不会出现这个问题-->
<build>
<finalName>ProjectMatch</finalName>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>${basedir}/src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
</project>
然后在resources目录下新建如下4个文件如图
jdbc.properties 内容如下,标红的地方都需要按自己数据库修改,test为数据库名
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
username=root
passWord=123456
#定义初始连接数
initialSize=0
#定义最大连接数
maxActive=20
#定义最大空闲
maxIdle=20
#定义最小空闲
minIdle=1
#定义最长等待时间
maxWait=60000
log4j.properties内容如下,可完全复制
#定义LOG输出级别
log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console,File
#定义日志输出目的地为控制台
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
#可以灵活地指定日志输出格式,下面一行是指定具体的格式
log4j.appender.Console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%c] - %m%n
#文件大小到达指定尺寸的时候产生一个新的文件
log4j.appender.File = org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
#指定输出目录
log4j.appender.File.File = logs/ssm.log
#定义文件最大大小
log4j.appender.File.MaxFileSize = 10MB
# 输出所以日志,如果换成DEBUG表示输出DEBUG以上级别日志
log4j.appender.File.Threshold = ALL
log4j.appender.File.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.File.layout.ConversionPattern =[%p] [%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%c]%m%n
spring-mvc.xml内容如下 ,红色标记需要自己对应修改
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 自动扫描该包,使springMVC认为包下用了@controller注解的类是控制器 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.qihang.controller" />
<!--避免IE执行ajax时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
<bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<import resource="classpath:spring-mybatis.xml" />
<!-- 启动SpringMVC的注解功能,完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /> <!-- JSON转换器 -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 ,视图模式配置-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 这里的配置我的理解是自动给后面action的方法return的字符串加上前缀和后缀,变成一个 可用的url地址 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/page/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置文件上传,如果没有使用文件上传可以不用配置,当然如果不配,那么配置文件中也不必引入上传组件包 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- 默认编码 -->
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
<!-- 文件大小最大值 -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />
<!-- 内存中的最大值 -->
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />
</bean>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!--<mvc:resources location="/" mapping="/js/**" />-->
<!--<mvc:resources location="/CSS/" mapping="/css/**"/>-->
<!--<mvc:resources location="/fonts/" mapping="/fonts/**"/>-->
<!--<mvc:resources location="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**"/>-->
</beans>
spring-mybatis.xml内容如下 同上
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 自动扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.qihang" />
<!-- 引入配置文件 -->
<bean id="propertyConfigurer"
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
</bean>
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${url}" />
<property name="username" value="${username}" />
<property name="password" value="${password}" />
<!-- 初始化连接大小 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
<!-- 连接池最大数量 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
<!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->
<property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
<!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->
<property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
<!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- spring和MyBatis完美整合,不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:/mybatis-config.xml"></property>
<!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/qihang/mapper/*.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!--<!– spring和MyBatis完美整合,不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 –>-->
<!--<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">-->
<!--<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />-->
<!--<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:/mybatis-config.xml"></property>-->
<!--<!– 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 –>-->
<!--<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/qihang/mapper/*.xml"></property>-->
<!--</bean>-->
<!-- DAO接口所在包名,Spring会自动查找其下的类 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.qihang.dao" />
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- (事务管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
然后项目的web.xml也要对应修改 如下,红色标记同上
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--Log4j配置-->
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>
<param-value>60000</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 编码过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--Spring监听器 ApplicationContext 载入 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Spring MVC 核心配置开始 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 可以通过contextConfigLocation来自定义SpringMVC配置文件的位置,如不指定,则默认在WEB-INF目录下,名称为[<servlet-name>]-servlet.xml,
此时文件名必须为[<servlet-name>]-servlet.xml,否则会出错-->
<!--以下init-param是自定义SpringMVC的配置文件的位置 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
</servlet>
<!-- 拦截设置 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<!-- 此处可以可以配置成*.do,对应struts的后缀习惯 -->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- Spring MVC 核心配置结束 -->
<!-- 配置SESSION超时,单位是分钟 -->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
然后我们就可以编写测试了。
在数据库中创建user表,有两条记录,如图
在pojo包中创建user类
package com.qihang.pojo;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
public class user {
@Column(name = "username")
String username;
@Column(name = "password")
String password;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
在dao包中创建userDao接口
package com.qihang.dao;
import com.qihang.pojo.user;
public interface userDao {
public user selectByUserId(String username);
public int insertUser(user user);
}
在mapper包中创建userMapping.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.qihang.dao.userDao" >
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.qihang.pojo.user" ><!--对应的实体类位置 -->
<result column="username" property="username" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
<result column="password" property="password" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
</resultMap>
<sql id="userAtr">
#{username},#{password}
</sql>
<select id="selectByUserId" parameterType="String" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
SELECT
*
FROM user
WHERE 1=1
<if test="_parameter != null">
AND username = #{username}
</if>
</select>
<insert id="insertUser" parameterType="java.util.HashMap">
INSERT INTO user
VALUE(<include refid="userAtr"></include>)
</insert>
</mapper>
在services包中创建userService接口
package com.qihang.services;
import com.qihang.pojo.user;
public interface userService {
public user querybyUsername(String username);
public int insert(user user);
}
在servicesImp中创建userServiceImp类
package com.qihang.servicesImp;
import com.qihang.pojo.user;
import com.qihang.services.userService;
import com.qihang.dao.userDao;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
@Service("userServiceImp")
public class userServiceImp implements userService {
@Autowired
private userDao userDao;
public int insert(user user) {
return userDao.insertUser(user);
}
public user querybyUsername(String username) {
return userDao.selectByUserId(username);
}
}
在WEB-INF下创建page包,然后在page包中创建test.jsp文件 如图
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<body>
用户名<h1>${user.username}</h1>
密码<h1>${user.password}</h1>
</body>
</html>
然后在controller包下创建userController类
package com.qihang.controller;
import com.qihang.pojo.user;
import com.qihang.services.userService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
@Controller
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private userService userService;
@RequestMapping("/query")
public String query(@RequestParam(value = "username",required = true) String username, Model model){
user user = new user();
user = userService.querybyUsername(username);
model.addAttribute("user",user);
return "test";
做到这里就把测试domo写完了,下一步将项目部署到服务器。
如图点击配置
点击 +
将本地tomcat配置好,按如图deployment
配置好就完成了。点击运行,在浏览器上输入
http://localhost:8080/query?username=lisi
看到如下就说明我们配置ok了
谢谢你们,看到这里也是幸苦了,如果还没有成功的再认真看看还有哪里是不是遗漏了,也可以在楼下留言,千万别灰心,程序员工作就是与bug作斗争的过程,也是在这些坑中慢慢学习的。
对于新手小白,经常会花很多时间在这些框架的搭建上或是一些工具的配置,而且由于不熟悉,会踩很多坑,花大量时间在这上面确实很不值得的。写这篇博客也是为大家能在学习的路上能更顺利些,当然也是给自己的踩坑路做个记录吧
总结
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