SpringBoot实现MQTT消息发送和接收方式

2023-03-11 11:03:33 消息发送接收

Spring integration交互逻辑

对于发布者：

1.消息通过消息网关发送出去，由 MessageChannel 的实例 DirectChannel 处理发送的细节。

2.DirectChannel 收到消息后，内部通过 MessageHandler 的实例 MqttPahoMessageHandler 发送到指定的 Topic。

对于订阅者：

1.通过注入 MessageProducerSupport 的实例 MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter，实现订阅 Topic 和绑定消息消费的 MessageChannel。

2.同样由 MessageChannel 的实例 DirectChannel 处理消费细节。

Channel 消息后会发送给我们自定义的 MqttInboundMessageHandler 实例进行消费。

可以看到整个处理的流程和前面将的基本一致。Spring Integration 就是抽象出了这么一套消息通信的机制，具体的通信细节由它集成的中间件来决定

1、maven依赖

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-integration -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-integration</artifactId>
    <version>2.5.1</version>
</dependency>
 
<!-- Https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.integration/spring-integration-stream -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-integration-stream</artifactId>
    <version>5.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.integration/spring-integration-mqtt -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-integration-mqtt</artifactId>
    <version>5.5.5</version>
</dependency>

2、yaml配置文件

#mqtt配置
mqtt:
  username: 123
  passWord: 123
  #MQTT-服务器连接地址，如果有多个，用逗号隔开
  url: tcp://127.0.0.1:1883
  #MQTT-连接服务器默认客户端ID
  client:
    id: ${random.value}
  default:
    #MQTT-默认的消息推送主题，实际可在调用接口时指定
    topic: topic,mqtt/test/#
    #连接超时
  completionTimeout: 3000

3、mqtt生产者消费者配置类

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.integration.annotation.IntegrationComponentScan;
import org.springframework.integration.annotation.ServiceActivator;
import org.springframework.integration.channel.DirectChannel;
import org.springframework.integration.core.MessageProducer;
import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.core.DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory;
import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.core.MqttPahoClientFactory;
import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.inbound.MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter;
import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.outbound.MqttPahoMessageHandler;
import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.support.DefaultPahoMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
import org.springframework.messaging.MessageChannel;
import org.springframework.messaging.MessageHandler;
import org.springframework.messaging.MessagingException;
 
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
 

@Configuration
@IntegrationComponentScan
@Slf4j
public class MqttSenderAndReceiveConfig {
 
    private static final byte[] WILL_DATA;
 
    static {
        WILL_DATA = "offline".getBytes();
    }
 
    @Autowired
    private MqttReceiveHandle mqttReceiveHandle;
 
    @Value("${mqtt.username}")
    private String username;
 
    @Value("${mqtt.password}")
    private String password;
 
    @Value("${mqtt.url}")
    private String hostUrl;
 
    @Value("${mqtt.client.id}")
    private String clientId;
 
    @Value("${mqtt.default.topic}")
    private String defaultTopic;
 
    @Value("${mqtt.completionTimeout}")
    private int completionTimeout;   //连接超时
 
    
    @Bean(value = "getMqttConnectOptions")
    public MqttConnectOptions getMqttConnectOptions1() {
        MqttConnectOptions mqttConnectOptions = new MqttConnectOptions();
        // 设置是否清空session,这里如果设置为false表示服务器会保留客户端的连接记录，这里设置为true表示每次连接到服务器都以新的身份连接
        mqttConnectOptions.setCleanSession(true);
        // 设置超时时间 单位为秒
        mqttConnectOptions.setConnectionTimeout(10);
        mqttConnectOptions.setAutomaticReconnect(true);
        mqttConnectOptions.setUserName(username);
        mqttConnectOptions.setPassword(password.toCharArray());
        mqttConnectOptions.setServerURIs(new String[]{hostUrl});
        // 设置会话心跳时间 单位为秒 服务器会每隔1.5*20秒的时间向客户端发送心跳判断客户端是否在线，但这个方法并没有重连的机制
        mqttConnectOptions.seTKEepAliveInterval(10);
        // 设置“遗嘱”消息的话题，若客户端与服务器之间的连接意外中断，服务器将发布客户端的“遗嘱”消息。
        //mqttConnectOptions.setWill("willTopic", WILL_DATA, 2, false);
        return mqttConnectOptions;
    }
 
    
    @Bean
    public MqttPahoClientFactory mqttClientFactory() {
        DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory factory = new DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory();
        factory.setConnectionOptions(getMqttConnectOptions1());
        return factory;
    }
 
    
    @Bean
    public MessageChannel mqttOutboundChannel() {
        return new DirectChannel();
    }
 
    
    @Bean
    @ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "mqttOutboundChannel")
    public MessageHandler mqttOutbound() {
        MqttPahoMessageHandler messageHandler = new MqttPahoMessageHandler(clientId + "_producer", mqttClientFactory());
        messageHandler.setAsync(true);
        messageHandler.setDefaultTopic(defaultTopic);
        messageHandler.setAsyncEvents(true); // 消息发送和传输完成会有异步的通知回调
        //设置转换器 发送bytes数据
        DefaultPahoMessageConverter converter = new DefaultPahoMessageConverter();
        converter.setPayloadAsBytes(true);
        return messageHandler;
    }
 
    
    @Bean
    public MessageProducer inbound() {
        List<String> topicList = Arrays.asList(defaultTopic.trim().split(","));
        String[] topics = new String[topicList.size()];
        topicList.toArray(topics);
        MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter adapter =
                new MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter(clientId + "_consumer", mqttClientFactory(), topics);
        adapter.setCompletionTimeout(completionTimeout);
        DefaultPahoMessageConverter converter = new DefaultPahoMessageConverter();
        converter.setPayloadAsBytes(true);
        adapter.setConverter(converter);
        adapter.setQos(2);
        adapter.setOutputChannel(mqttInputChannel());
        return adapter;
    }
 
    
    @Bean
    public MessageChannel mqttInputChannel() {
        return new DirectChannel();
    }
 
    
    @Bean
    @ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "mqttInputChannel")
    public MessageHandler handler() {
        return new MessageHandler() {
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message<?> message) throws MessagingException {
                //处理接收消息
                mqttReceiveHandle.handle(message);
            }
        };
    }
}

4、消息处理类


@Slf4j
@Component
public class MqttReceiveHandle {
 
    public void handle(Message<?> message) {
        log.info("收到订阅消息: {}", message);
        String topic = message.getHeaders().get(MqttHeaders.RECEIVED_TOPIC).toString();
        log.info("消息主题：{}", topic);
        Object payLoad = message.getPayload();
        byte[] data = (byte[]) payLoad;
        Packet packet = Packet.parse(data);
        log.info("发送的Packet数据{}", JSON.tojsONString(packet));
 
    }
}

5、mqtt发送接口

import org.springframework.integration.annotation.MessagingGateway;
import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.support.MqttHeaders;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Header;
 

@MessagingGateway(defaultRequestChannel = "mqttOutboundChannel")
public interface MqttGateway {
 
    
    void sendToMqttObject(@Header(MqttHeaders.TOPIC) String topic, byte[] payload);
 
    
    void sendToMqtt(@Header(MqttHeaders.TOPIC) String topic, String payload);
 
    
    void sendToMqtt(@Header(MqttHeaders.TOPIC) String topic, @Header(MqttHeaders.QOS) int qos, String payload);
 
    
    void sendToMqtt(@Header(MqttHeaders.TOPIC) String topic, Object payload);
 
    
    void sendToMqtt(@Header(MqttHeaders.TOPIC) String topic, byte[] payload);
}

6、mqtt事件监听类

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.context.event.EventListener;
import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.event.MqttConnectionFailedEvent;
import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.event.MqttMessageDeliveredEvent;
import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.event.MqttMessageSentEvent;
import org.springframework.integration.mqtt.event.MqttSubscribedEvent;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
@Slf4j
@Component
public class MqttListener {
    
    @EventListener(classes = MqttConnectionFailedEvent.class)
    public void listenerAction(MqttConnectionFailedEvent mqttConnectionFailedEvent) {
        log.info("连接失败的事件通知");
    }
 
    
    @EventListener(classes = MqttMessageSentEvent.class)
    public void listenerAction(MqttMessageSentEvent mqttMessageSentEvent) {
        log.info("已发送的事件通知");
    }
 
    
    @EventListener(classes = MqttMessageDeliveredEvent.class)
    public void listenerAction(MqttMessageDeliveredEvent mqttMessageDeliveredEvent) {
        log.info("已传输完成的事件通知");
    }
 
    
    @EventListener(classes = MqttSubscribedEvent.class)
    public void listenerAction(MqttSubscribedEvent mqttSubscribedEvent) {
        log.info("消息订阅的事件通知");
    }
}

7、接口测试

@Resource
    private MqttGateway mqttGateway;
    
    @RequestMapping(value = "/sendMqtt",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String sendMqtt(String sendData, String topic) {
        MqttMessage mqttMessage = new MqttMessage();
        mqttGateway.sendToMqtt(topic, sendData);
        //mqttGateway.sendToMqttObject(topic, sendData.getBytes());
        return "OK";
    }

总结

以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持。

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