window下python3里pip安装

2023-01-31 02:01:53 window 安装 python3

1.问题：

最近在学Django时遇到了一个问题，python3.6版本下使用pip安装Mysql-python失败。其实一句话很简单，Python3以上使用的是pymysql，如果是python2.7对应的是下mysql-python。那如何让DjanGo驱动mysql数据库

当输入pip install mysql-python时报以下错误：

pip install mysql-python

错误信息如下

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\mysql\base.py", line 26, in <module>
    import MySQLdb as Database
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'MySQLdb'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 364, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 338, in execute
    django.setup()
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\site-packages\django\__init__.py", line 27, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\site-packages\django\apps\reGIStry.py", line 108, in populate
    app_config.import_models()
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\site-packages\django\apps\config.py", line 202, in import_models
    self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._GCd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\models.py", line 4, in <module>
    from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\base_user.py", line 52, in <module>
    class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 124, in __new__
    new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, app_label))
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 325, in add_to_class
    value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\options.py", line 214, in contribute_to_class
    self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\site-packages\django\db\__init__.py", line 33, in __getattr__
    return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 211, in __getitem__
    backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 115, in load_backend
    return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "D:\python\Python36\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\mysql\base.py", line 30, in <module>
    'Did you install mysqlclient or MySQL-python?' % e
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: No module named 'MySQLdb'.
Did you install mysqlclient or MySQL-python?

原因：python3以上并不支持，python3以上使用pymysql，python2.7对应mysql-python。

2.解决python3.6+Django+MySQL：

Django中的使用方法，在项目有wsgi.py 和 setting.py目录里的init.py下加如下代码：

import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

然后就可以在命令行下输入创建应用的命令了。

python manage.py startapp XXX

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