python paramiko使用

2023-01-31 01:01:56 python paramiko

 Http://www.lag.net/paramiko/

Working with paramiko
sshClient is the main class provided by the paramkio module. It provides the basic interface you are Going to want to use to instantiate [url=]server[/url] connections. The above code creates a new SSHClient object, and then calls ”connect()” to connect us to the local SSH server.
Here’s a simple example:

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import paramiko

 

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ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()


Another way is to use an SSH key:

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import paramiko

 

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import os

 

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privatekeyfile = os.path.expanduser('~/.ssh/id_rsa')
 

 

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mykey = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile)

 

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ssh.connect('192.168.1.2', username = 'vinod', pkey = mykey)


注意:（这里的key，用的是RSA的key，linux下我们在用ssh-keygen -t rsa来指定它，windows下需要原始pem文件格式才可以在这里用，否则将会报无法识别的RSA KEY。类似如下
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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=
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----



而且如果你的RSA Key有密码的话，你还需要
mykey = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile,passWord='12345678')




不过，我们可以用publickey来登录的。
解法如下:
serverHost = "127.0.0.1"
serverPort = 22
userName = "root"
keyFile = "~/.ssh/badboy"
known_host = "~/.ssh/known_hosts"
channel = paramiko.SSHClient();
channel.load_system_host_keys( known_host )
channel.connect( serverHost, serverPort,username = userName, key_filename = keyFile )
）


Running Simple Commands
Lets run some simple commands on a remote Machine.

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import paramiko
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ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

 

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ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())<=这样的话，就会报paramiko.SSHException: Unknown server

 

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ssh.connect('beastie', username='vinod', password='secret')

 

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stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df -h')

 

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print stdout.readlines()

 

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ssh.close()


“paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()” which will auto-accept unknown keys.

Using sudo in running commands:

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import paramiko


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cmd = "sudo /etc/rc.d/apache2 restart"


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ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

 

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ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

 

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ssh.connect('beastie', username='vinod', password='secret')

 

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stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)

 

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stdin.write('secret\n')

 

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stdin.flush()

 

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print stdout.readlines()

 

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ssh.close()


在这个例子中，无法运行，也无法解释，希望志同道合的朋友能给个解释!



Secure File Transfer Using SFTPClient
SFTPClient is used to open an sftp session across an open ssh Transport and do remote file operations.
An SSH Transport attaches to a stream (usually a Socket), negotiates an encrypted session, authenticates, and then creates stream tunnels, called[url=]Channel[/url]s, across the session. Multiple channels can be multiplexed across a single session (and often are, in the case of port forwardings).
以下是用密码认证功能登录的
#!/usr/bin/env python
import paramiko
socks=('127.0.0.1',22)
testssh=paramiko.Transport(socks)
testssh.connect(username='root',password='000000')
sftptest=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(testssh)
remotepath="/tmp/a.log"
localpath="/tmp/c.log"
sftptest.put(remotepath,localpath)
sftptest.close()
testssh.close()

以下是用DSA认证登录的(PubkeyAuthentication)
#!/usr/bin/env Python
import paramiko

serverHost = "192.168.1.172"
serverPort = 22
userName = "root"
keyFile = "/root/.ssh/zhuzhengjun"
known_host = "/root/.ssh/known_hosts"
channel = paramiko.SSHClient();
#host_keys = channel.load_system_host_keys(known_host)
channel.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
channel.connect(serverHost, serverPort,username=userName, key_filename=keyFile )
testssh=paramiko.Transport((serverHost,serverPort))
mykey = paramiko.DSSKey.from_private_key_file(keyFile,password='xyxyxy')
testssh.connect(username=userName,pkey=mykey)
sftptest=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(testssh)
filepath='/tmp/e.log'
localpath='/tmp/a.log'
sftptest.put(localpath,filepath)
sftptest.close()
testssh.close()

以下是用RSA Key认证登录的
#!/usr/bin/evn python

import os
import paramiko

host='127.0.0.1'
port=22
testssh=paramiko.Transport((host,port))
privatekeyfile = os.path.expanduser('~/.ssh/badboy')
mykey = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile,password='000000')
username = 'root'
testssh.connect(username=username, pkey=mykey)
sftptest=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(testssh)
filepath='/tmp/e.log'
localpath='/tmp/a.log'
sftptest.put(localpath,filepath)
sftptest.close()
testssh.close()

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