Day 3 - 编写ORM 修改1
2023-01-31 00:01:09
day
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
__author__ = 'Michael Liao'
import asyncio, logging
import aioMysql
def log(sql, args=()):
logging.info('SQL: %s' % sql)
#代码分为三部分，第一部分是aiomysql模块的应用
async def create_pool(loop, **kw):
logging.info('create database connection pool...')
global __pool
__pool = await aiomysql.create_pool(
host=kw.get('host', 'localhost'),
port=kw.get('port', 3306),
user=kw['user'],
passWord=kw['password'],
db=kw['db'],
charset=kw.get('charset', 'utf8'),
autocommit=kw.get('autocommit', True),
maxsize=kw.get('maxsize', 10),
minsize=kw.get('minsize', 1),
loop=loop
)
async def wait_closed():
__pool.close()
await __pool.wait_closed()
async def destory_pool():
global __pool
if __pool is not None:
__pool.close()
await __pool.wait_closed()
async def select(sql, args, size=None):
log(sql, args)
global __pool
async with __pool.get() as conn:
async with conn.cursor(aiomysql.DictCursor) as cur:
await cur.execute(sql.replace('?', '%s'), args or ())
if size:
rs = await cur.fetchmany(size)
else:
rs = await cur.fetchall()
logging.info('rows returned: %s' % len(rs))
return rs
async def execute(sql, args, autocommit=True):
log(sql)
async with __pool.get() as conn:
if not autocommit:
await conn.begin()
try:
async with conn.cursor(aiomysql.DictCursor) as cur:
await cur.execute(sql.replace('?', '%s'), args)
affected = cur.rowcount
await cur.close()
if not autocommit:
await conn.commit()
except BaseException as e:
if not autocommit:
await conn.rollback()
raise
finally:
conn.close()
return affected
def create_args_string(num):
L = []
for n in range(num):
L.append('?')
return ', '.join(L)
#代码分为三部分，第二部分是ORM的实际应用
class Field(object):
def __init__(self, name, column_type, primary_key, default):
self.name = name
self.column_type = column_type
self.primary_key = primary_key
self.default = default
def __str__(self):
return '<%s, %s:%s>' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.column_type, self.name)
class StringField(Field):
def __init__(self, name=None, primary_key=False, default=None, ddl='varchar(100)'):
super().__init__(name, ddl, primary_key, default)
class BooleanField(Field):
def __init__(self, name=None, default=False):
super().__init__(name, 'boolean', False, default)
class IntegerField(Field):
def __init__(self, name=None, primary_key=False, default=0):
super().__init__(name, 'bigint', primary_key, default)
class FloatField(Field):
def __init__(self, name=None, primary_key=False, default=0.0):
super().__init__(name, 'real', primary_key, default)
class TextField(Field):
def __init__(self, name=None, default=None):
super().__init__(name, 'text', False, default)
class ModelMetaclass(type):
def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):
if name=='Model':
return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs)
tableName = attrs.get('__table__', None) or name
logging.info('found model: %s (table: %s)' % (name, tableName))
mappings = dict()
fields = []
primaryKey = None
for k, v in attrs.items():
if isinstance(v, Field):
logging.info(' found mapping: %s ==> %s' % (k, v))
mappings[k] = v
if v.primary_key:
# 找到主键:
if primaryKey:
raise BaseException('Duplicate primary key for field: %s' % k)
primaryKey = k
else:
fields.append(k)
if not primaryKey:
raise BaseException('Primary key not found.')
for k in mappings.keys():
attrs.pop(k)
escaped_fields = list(map(lambda f: '`%s`' % f, fields))
attrs['__mappings__'] = mappings # 保存属性和列的映射关系
attrs['__table__'] = tableName
attrs['__primary_key__'] = primaryKey # 主键属性名
attrs['__fields__'] = fields # 除主键外的属性名
attrs['__select__'] = 'select `%s`, %s from `%s`' % (primaryKey, ', '.join(escaped_fields), tableName)
attrs['__insert__'] = 'insert into `%s` (%s, `%s`) values (%s)' % (tableName, ', '.join(escaped_fields), primaryKey, create_args_string(len(escaped_fields) + 1))
attrs['__update__'] = 'update `%s` set %s where `%s`=?' % (tableName, ', '.join(map(lambda f: '`%s`=?' % (mappings.get(f).name or f), fields)), primaryKey)
attrs['__delete__'] = 'delete from `%s` where `%s`=?' % (tableName, primaryKey)
return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs)
#代码分为三部分，第三部分是调用方法
class Model(dict, metaclass=ModelMetaclass):
def __init__(self, **kw):
super(Model, self).__init__(**kw)
def __getattr__(self, key):
try:
return self[key]
except KeyError:
raise AttributeError(r"'Model' object has no attribute '%s'" % key)
def __setattr__(self, key, value):
self[key] = value
def getValue(self, key):
return getattr(self, key, None)
def getValueOrDefault(self, key):
value = getattr(self, key, None)
if value is None:
field = self.__mappings__[key]
if field.default is not None:
value = field.default() if callable(field.default) else field.default
logging.debug('using default value for %s: %s' % (key, str(value)))
setattr(self, key, value)
return value
@claSSMethod
async def findAll(cls, where=None, args=None, **kw):
' find objects by where clause. '
sql = [cls.__select__]
if where:
sql.append('where')
sql.append(where)
if args is None:
args = []
orderBy = kw.get('orderBy', None)
if orderBy:
sql.append('order by')
sql.append(orderBy)
limit = kw.get('limit', None)
if limit is not None:
sql.append('limit')
if isinstance(limit, int):
sql.append('?')
args.append(limit)
elif isinstance(limit, tuple) and len(limit) == 2:
sql.append('?, ?')
args.extend(limit)
else:
raise ValueError('Invalid limit value: %s' % str(limit))
rs = await select(' '.join(sql), args)
return [cls(**r) for r in rs]
@classmethod
async def findNumber(cls, selectField, where=None, args=None):
' find number by select and where. '
sql = ['select %s _num_ from `%s`' % (selectField, cls.__table__)]
if where:
sql.append('where')
sql.append(where)
rs = await select(' '.join(sql), args, 1)
if len(rs) == 0:
return None
return rs[0]['_num_']
@classmethod
async def find(cls, pk):
' find object by primary key. '
rs = await select('%s where `%s`=?' % (cls.__select__, cls.__primary_key__), [pk], 1)
if len(rs) == 0:
return None
return cls(**rs[0])
async def save(self):
args = list(map(self.getValueOrDefault, self.__fields__))
args.append(self.getValueOrDefault(self.__primary_key__))
rows = await execute(self.__insert__, args)
if rows != 1:
logging.warn('failed to insert record: affected rows: %s' % rows)
async def update(self):
args = list(map(self.getValue, self.__fields__))
args.append(self.getValue(self.__primary_key__))
rows = await execute(self.__update__, args)
if rows != 1:
logging.warn('failed to update by primary key: affected rows: %s' % rows)
async def remove(self):
args = [self.getValue(self.__primary_key__)]
rows = await execute(self.__delete__, args)
if rows != 1:
logging.warn('failed to remove by primary key: affected rows: %s' % rows)
class User(Model):
__table__ = 'users'
id = IntegerField(primary_key=True)
name = StringField()
user = User(id=123, name='Michael')
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(create_pool(host='ip', port=3306,user='root', password='123456',db='db01', loop=loop))
rs = loop.run_until_complete(user.save())
我对ORM的理解
设计ORM需要从上层调用者角度来设计
1.type 产生元类,Model class Model(dict, metaclass=ModelMetaclass) class ModelMetaclass(type)
2.User类，类型为Model,User类属性为对象(object) class Field(object) class StringField(Field)
3.调用的时候yield from user.save()，因为user.save()是迭代器
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