django设置cookie和sessi

2023-01-31 00:01:08 django 设置 sessi

本例中应用名称为cookie

模型model

from Django.db import models

from djanGo.db import models
class UserInfo(models.Model):
    username = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    passWord = models.CharField(max_length=64)

数据库迁移

python manage.py makemigrations
Python manage.py migrate

给数据库添加数据

路由urls

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from cookie import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('login/', views.login),
    path('index/', views.index),
]

视图函数

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, HttpResponse
from cookie import models

def login(request):
    ret = ""
    if request.method == "POST":
        user = request.POST.get("user")
        pwd = request.POST.get("pwd")
        # 查询数据库中的用户名和密码
        user_obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=user, password=pwd).first()
        if user_obj:
            """
            如果验证通过，则重定向至index并设置cookie
            """
            obj = redirect("/index/")
            obj.set_cookie("is_login", True, 30)  # cookie有效期为30秒
            obj.set_cookie("username", user_obj.username)
            return obj
        else:
            ret = "用户名或密码错误"
    return render(request, "login.html", {"ret": ret})


def index(request):
    is_login = request.COOKIES.get("is_login")
    username = request.COOKIES.get("username")
    if not is_login:
        return redirect("/login/")
    return render(request, "index.html", {
        "user": username
    })

模板页面

登录页面 login.html

<body>
<h3>用户登录页面</h3>
<fORM action="/login/" method="post">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <p>用户名：<input type="text" name="user"></p>
    <p>密码：<input type="password" name="pwd"></p>
    <p><span>{{ ret }}</span></p>
    <input type="submit" value="登录" class="sub_btn">
</form>
</body>

首页index.html

<body>
<h3>这是index页面。你好 {{ user }}</h3>
</body>

下来访问测试一下

点击登录

可以看到，已经按预想跳转至index页面

下来看看设置的cookie

再来看看，重定向访问时携带的cookie值

创建应用

python manage.py startapp session

注册应用

设置settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    'cookie.apps.CookieConfig',
    'session.apps.SessionConfig'
]

路由urls

.....
from session import views as session_views

urlpatterns = [
    ......
    path('session_login', session_views.session_login),
    path('session_index', session_views.session_index),
    path('session_logout', session_views.session_logout),
]

视图函数

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from cookie import models  # 由于要用到数据，所有要吃cookie应用里面导入

def session_login(request):
    ret = ""
    if request.method == "POST":
        user = request.POST.get("user")
        pwd = request.POST.get("pwd")
        user_obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=user, password=pwd).first()
        if user_obj:
            """
            如果验证通过，则设置session,并返回session_index
            """
            request.session["is_login"] = True
            request.session["username"] = user_obj.username
            obj = redirect("/session_index/")
            return obj
        else:
            ret = "用户名或密码错误"
    return render(request, "session_login.html", {"ret": ret})

def session_index(request):
    is_login = request.session.get("is_login")
    username = request.session.get("username")
    if not is_login:
        """如果没有登录则跳转至登录页面"""
        return redirect("/session_login")

    return render(request, "session_index.html", {"user": username})


def session_logout(request):
    request.session.flush()
    return redirect("/session_login/")

模板页面

session_index.html

<h3>基于session的用户登录</h3>
<form action="/session_login/" method="post">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <p>用户名：<input type="text" name="user"></p>
    <p>密码：<input type="password" name="pwd"></p>
    <p><span>{{ ret }}</span></p>
    <input type="submit" value="登录" class="sub_btn">
</form>

session_index.html

<body>
<h3>这是session_index页面。</h3>
<h3>你好 {{ user }}</h3>
<a href="/session_logout/">注销</a>
</body>

下来测试

可以看到数据库中session表已经有数据了，session_key为随机生成的，为请求时携带的cookie键，session_data为

request.session["is_login"] = True
request.session["username"] = user_obj.username，经过某种算法加密后的数

再来看看页面

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