pyqt5与QML开发小结

2023-01-31 00:01:58 pyqt5 开发 小结

Qt 5.11 与 qt 5.12 中Qquick的差异还是蛮大的,由开发环境:Pyqt5.11 + Qt5.12 部署到 Pyqt5.11 + Qt5.11时遇到以下问题:

1.当一个Item引用另一个Item,当层次比较深入时,有可能引用不到此Item对象。这时可以用alias别名尝试把此对象作为顶层类的属性。另还有一个可能是因为Item文件的命名冲突,比如我把Item文件命名为ContentLeft.qml就会出现一些莫名奇妙的问题,后来把名称改为ContentLeftF.qml就没有。由“ContentLeft"改成”ContentLeftF.qml"问题解决。

2.有些str类型的属性可以直接用于QML,但有些会提示QString不对

    #barcode
    @pyqtProperty(str,notify=barcodeChanged)
    def barcode(self):
        return self._barcode

    @barcode.setter
    def barcode(self, value):
        self._barcode = value
        self.barcodeChanged.emit(value)

把以上写法改为下面写法即没问题:

projectName = pyqtProperty(str, fget=getProjectValue, fset= setProjectValue, notify=projectNameChanged)

1.把python类注册成qml类

qmlReGISterType(CameraOpenCV,'MyCamera',1,0,'MyCustomOpenCVItem')

可以直接在qml用

import QtQuick 2.9
import QtQuick.Controls 2.2
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.1
import MyCamera 1.0

Item{
    id:root
    property alias myCustomOpenCVItem: myCustomOpenCVItem
    Rectangle{
        color:"black"
        anchors.fill: parent
        MyCustomOpenCVItem{
            id:myCustomOpenCVItem
            objectName:"camera_win"
            anchors.fill:parent
        }
        MouseArea{
            anchors.fill: parent
            onClicked: {
                 content.contentMiddle.myCustomOpenCVItem.save()
            }
        }
    }
}

2.把Python对象传至qml

        self.imageModel = ModelImages()
        self.rootContext().setContextProperty('ImagesModel', self.imageModel)

qml中直接调用

        ListView {
            id : m_listView
            width: parent.width
            height: root.height
            clip: true
            model: ImagesModel //modelImages
            delegate: m_delegate
            spacing: 5
            focus: true
            verticalLayoutDirection: ListView.BottomToTop
            add: Transition {
                NumberAnimation { properties: "y";duration: 400 }
            }
            remove: Transition {
                NumberAnimation { properties: "y";duration: 400 }
            }
        }

3.设置可在qml中用的属性

方法一:

self._GoodsName = '' #当前商品名称
goodsNameChanged = pyqtSignal(str)
    @pyqtProperty(str,notify=goodsNameChanged)
    def goodsName(self):
        return self._goodsName

    @goodsName.setter
    def goodsName(self, value):
        self._goodsName = value
        self.goodsNameChanged.emit(value)

方法二:

projectName = pyqtProperty(str, fget=getProjectValue, fset= setProjectValue, notify=projectNameChanged)

4.qml动态设置component

                function getLoader (){

                    switch (uploadStatus)
                    {
                    case "imgUploadFail":
                        return uploadFail
                    case "imgUploadOK":
                        return uploadOK
                    case "imgUploading":
                        return uploading
                    case "imgUploadReady":
                        return null
                    default:
                        return null
                    }

                }

                Loader{
                    id:currLoad
                    anchors.fill:parent
                    sourceComponent:getLoader()
                }

5.使用虚拟键盘

需要先安装VirtualKeyboard插件

先声明:

os.environ["QT_IM_MODULE"] = "qtvirtualkeyboard"

qml中:

import QtQuick.VirtualKeyboard 2.2
        //键盘
        InputPanel{
            id: vkb
            z:3
            visible: false
            anchors.bottom: parent.bottom
            width: parent.width * 0.85
            height: parent.height * 0.3
            x:parent.width * 0.5 - width * 0.5
            //这种集成方式下点击隐藏键盘的按钮是没有效果的,
            //只会改变active,因此我们自己处理一下
            onActiveChanged: {
                if(!active) { visible = false; }
            }
        }

 

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