Java通过Freemarker模板实现生成Word文件

2022-11-13 17:11:58 模板文件生成

1. 准备模板

模板 + 数据 = 模型

1、将准备好的Word模板文件另存为.xml文件（PS：建议使用WPS来创建Word文件，不建议用Office）

2、将.xml文件重命名为.ftl文件

3、用文本编辑器打开.ftl文件，将内容复制出来，格式化一下，再覆盖原来的内容

（PS：格式化一下是为了方便查找并设置变量/占位符，当然设置好模板参数变量以后可以再压缩后再写会.ftl文件）

另外，强烈不建议在word文件中去编辑设置模板变量，因为.docx文件在另存为.xml文件后，原先好好的一个变量可能就被拆开了，建议另存为之后再用文本编辑器打开去编辑。

4、设置模板参数（变量/占位符）

2. 代码实现

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="Http://Maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.3</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo920</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>demo920</name>
    <description>demo920</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-WEB</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.8.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.itextpdf</groupId>
            <artifactId>itextpdf</artifactId>
            <version>5.5.13.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--<dependency>
            <groupId>com.aspose</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspose-words</artifactId>
            <version>22.9</version>
            <classifier>jdk17</classifier>
        </dependency>-->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

写个类测试一下

package com.example.demo920;

import com.example.demo920.domain.LoanReceipt;

import freemarker.template.Configuration;
import freemarker.template.Template;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.NIO.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.fORMat.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;

@SpringBootTest
class Demo920ApplicationTests {

    private DateTimeFormatter DTF = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyyMMddHHmmss", Locale.CHINA);

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
    }

    @Test
    void testGenerateWord() throws Exception {
        Configuration configuration = new Configuration(Configuration.VERSION_2_3_31);
        configuration.setDefaultEncoding("UTF-8");
        configuration.setClassForTemplateLoading(this.getClass(), "/templates");

        Template template = configuration.getTemplate("借条.ftl");

        Path path = Paths.get("tmp","contract");
        File fileDir = path.toFile();
        if (!fileDir.exists()) {
            fileDir.mkdirs();
        }

        String filename = "借条" + "_" + LocalDateTime.now().format(DTF) + ".docx";
        filename = path.toFile() + File.separator + filename;

        BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(filename)));

//        template.process(getDataMap(), writer);
        template.process(getData(), writer);

        writer.flush();
        writer.close();
    }

    Map<String, Object> getDataMap() {
        Map<String, Object> dataMap = new HashMap<>();
        dataMap.put("borrowerName", "李白");
        dataMap.put("borrowerIdCard", "421302199001012426");
        dataMap.put("lenderName", "杜甫");
        dataMap.put("amount", 100);
        dataMap.put("amountInWords", "壹佰");
        dataMap.put("startDate", "2022年8月15日");
        dataMap.put("endDate", "2022年11月11日");
        dataMap.put("borrowingMonths", 3);
        dataMap.put("interestRate", "1.23");
        dataMap.put("guarantorName", "白居易");
        dataMap.put("guarantorIdCard", "421302199203152412");
        return dataMap;
    }

    LoanReceipt getData() {
        LoanReceipt receipt = new LoanReceipt();
        receipt.setBorrowerName("狄仁杰");
        receipt.setBorrowerIdCard("421302198710121234");
        receipt.setBorrowingMonths(6);
        receipt.setLenderName("李元芳");
        receipt.setAmount(new BigDecimal("101"));
        receipt.setAmountInWords("壹佰零壹");
        receipt.setInterestRate(new BigDecimal("0.6"));
        receipt.setStartDate("2022年1月1日");
        receipt.setEndDate("2022年6月30日");
        receipt.setGuarantorName("武则天");
        receipt.setGuarantorIdCard("421302199101014567");
        return receipt;
    }

}

最主要的是下面两行

//	加载模板
Template template = configuration.getTemplate("借条.ftl");
//	填充数据
template.process(getData(), writer);

数据可以是Map也可以是一个对象

改进一下，将生成文件的操作单独写成一个工具方法

package com.example.demo920.util;

import cn.hutool.core.io.IoUtil;
import freemarker.template.Configuration;
import freemarker.template.Template;
import freemarker.template.TemplateException;

import java.io.*;

public class FreemarkerUtils {

    
    public static void generateWord(File templateDir, String templateName, String filename, Object dataModel) {
        BufferedWriter writer = null;
        Configuration configuration = new Configuration(Configuration.VERSION_2_3_31);
        configuration.setDefaultEncoding("UTF-8");
        try {
            configuration.setDirectoryForTemplateLoading(templateDir);
            Template template = configuration.getTemplate(templateName);
            writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(filename)));
            template.process(dataModel, writer);
            writer.flush();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (TemplateException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            IoUtil.close(writer);
        }
    }

}

再测试一下

package com.example.demo920;

import cn.hutool.core.io.IoUtil;
import com.example.demo920.util.FreemarkerUtils;
import com.example.demo920.util.PdfUtils;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.util.ResourceUtils;

import java.io.*;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class WordTest {

    
    @Test
    void testGenerateWordV1() throws Exception {
        Path tempPath = Paths.get("tmp", "contract2");
        File path = tempPath.toFile();
        if (!path.exists()) {
            path.mkdirs();
        }
        File tempFile = Files.createTempFile(tempPath, "qiantiao", ".docx").toFile();
        System.out.println(tempFile.getParent());
        System.out.println(tempFile.getName());
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(tempFile);


        File templateFile = ResourceUtils.getFile("classpath:templates/借条.ftl");
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(templateFile);

        IoUtil.copy(fis, fos);

        String filename = "借条" + "_" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".docx";
        filename = "tmp/contract" + File.separator + filename;

        FreemarkerUtils.generateWord(new File(tempFile.getParent()), tempFile.getName(), filename, getDataMap());
    }

 	
    Map<String, Object> getDataMap() {
        Map<String, Object> dataMap = new HashMap<>();
        dataMap.put("borrowerName", "李白2");
        dataMap.put("borrowerIdCard", "421302199001012426");
        dataMap.put("lenderName", "杜甫");
        dataMap.put("amount", 100);
        dataMap.put("amountInWords", "壹佰");
        dataMap.put("startDate", "2022年8月15日");
        dataMap.put("endDate", "2022年11月11日");
        dataMap.put("borrowingMonths", 3);
        dataMap.put("interestRate", "1.23");
        dataMap.put("guarantorName", "白居易");
        dataMap.put("guarantorIdCard", "421302199203152412");
        return dataMap;
    }

    @Test
    void testGenerateWord2() throws Exception {
        File templateDir = ResourceUtils.getFile(ResourceUtils.CLASSPATH_URL_PREFIX + "templates");
        String templateName = "借条.ftl";
        String destFilename = "借条" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".docx";
        Map<String, Object> data = getDataMap();
        FreemarkerUtils.generateWord(templateDir, templateName, destFilename, data);
    }

}

3. PDF文件加水印

有时候，生成或者从服务器下载的文件是需要加水印的，比如标识这个文件是谁下载的之类的

pdf加水印还是比较方便的，用itext组件可以轻松实现

另外，如果最终需要pdf文件，建议直接生成pdf文件，跳过word转pdf的步骤

package com.example.demo920.util;

import cn.hutool.core.io.IoUtil;
import com.aspose.words.Document;
import com.aspose.words.SaveFormat;
import com.itextpdf.text.BaseColor;
import com.itextpdf.text.DocumentException;
import com.itextpdf.text.Element;
import com.itextpdf.text.Image;
import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.*;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;


public class PdfUtils {

    
    public static void wordToPdf(String src, String dest) {
        File file = new File(src);
        if (!file.exists()) {
            throw new RuntimeException("文件不存在");
        }
        FileInputStream fis = null;
        try {
            fis = new FileInputStream(file);
            Document wpd = new Document(fis);
            wpd.save(dest, SaveFormat.PDF);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            IoUtil.close(fis);
        }
    }

    
    public static void addWatermark(String src, String dest, String text, String imagePath) {
        try {
            //  待加水印的文件
            PdfReader reader = new PdfReader(src);
            //  加完水印的文件
            PdfStamper stamper = new PdfStamper(reader, new FileOutputStream(dest));
            //  字体
            BaseFont baseFont = BaseFont.createFont("STSong-Light", "UniGB-UCS2-H", BaseFont.NOT_EMBEDDED);
            //  透明度
            PdfGState gs = new PdfGState();
            gs.setFillOpacity(0.4f);
            //  PDF文件总页数
            int total = reader.getNumberOfPages() + 1;
            //  循环对每一页都加水印
            PdfContentByte content;
            for (int i = 1; i < total; i++) {
                //  水印在文本之上
                content = stamper.getOverContent(i);
                content.setGState(gs);

                if (null != imagePath) {
                    Image image = Image.getInstance(imagePath);
//                    image.setAbsolutePosition(150, 150);
//                    image.scaleToFit(300,300);
//                    content.addImage(image);

                    for (int x = 0; x < 700; x = x + 300) {
                        for (int y = 0; y < 900; y = y + 200) {
                            image.setAbsolutePosition(x+50, y+50);
                            image.scaleToFit(100,100);
                            content.addImage(image);
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (null != text) {
                    content.beginText();
                    content.setColorFill(BaseColor.RED);
                    content.setFontAndSize(baseFont, 20);
//                    content.showTextAligned(Element.ALIGN_CENTER, text, 50, 50, 45);

                    for (int x = 0; x < 700; x = x + 300) {
                        for (int y = 0; y < 900; y = y + 200) {
                            //水印内容和水印位置
                            content.showTextAligned(Element.ALIGN_CENTER, "哈哈哈哈哈", x - 20, y + 10, 30);
                            content.showTextAligned(Element.ALIGN_CENTER, LocalDateTime.now().toString(), x, y, 30);
                        }
                    }

                    content.endText();
                }
            }
            stamper.close();
            reader.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (DocumentException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

跑一下

@Test
void testWatermark() {
    String src2 = "D:\\借条_2.pdf";
    String dest2 = "D:\\借条_3.pdf";
    String imagePath = "D:\\1.jpg";
    PdfUtils.addWatermark(src2, dest2, "哈哈哈哈哈", imagePath);
}

加完水印后效果如图

最后，示例项目结构如图

以上就是Java通过Freemarker模板实现生成Word文件的详细内容，更多关于Java Freemarker生成Word的资料请关注其它相关文章！

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Java通过Freemarker模板实现生成Word文件

目录

1. 准备模板

2. 代码实现

3. PDF文件加水印