ASP.NET MVC实现城市或车型三级联动
三级或多级联动的场景经常会碰到，比如省、市、区，比如品牌、车系、车型，比如类别的多级联动......我们首先想到的是用三个select来展示，这是最通常的做法。但在另外一些场景中，比如确定搜索条件的时候，对于三级联动来说，可能选择1个，2个，或3个条件，我想，以下的方式可能更适合：
以上，可以只选择品牌，或同时选择品牌、车系，或同时选择品牌、车系、车型，最后把选择的内容展示到input上，并以逗号隔开。
可以实现的功能包括：
- 点击最上面的input弹出div，此时只显示品牌区域
- 点击最左边拼音首字母，导航到对应的品牌上
- 当把鼠标移动到某个品牌上，品牌为选中状态，其对应的车系显示在车系区域
- 当鼠标不在任何品牌上，所有品牌都为不选中状态
- 当把鼠标移动到某个车系上，车系为选中状态，其对应的车型显示在车型区域，选中车系的所属品牌也为选中状态
- 当鼠标不在任何车系上，所有车系、品牌都为不选中状态
- 当把鼠标移动到某个车型上，车型为选中状态，选中车型的所属车系为选中状态，选中车系所属品牌为选中状态
- 当鼠标不在任何车型上，所有车型、车系、品牌为不选中状态
- 点击品牌，品牌显示到input上
- 点击车系，品牌、车系显示到input上，并以逗号隔开
- 点击车型，品牌、车系、车型显示到input上，并以逗号隔开
- 点击div上的关闭按钮或者页面空白区域，div隐藏
界面的构成如下：
- 最上面的是一个input
- 品牌、车系、车型被包裹在一个div中，点击关闭按钮或点击空白处关闭的就是这个div
- 品牌区域是一个div，分为首字母导航div和品牌显示div
- 车系区域是一个div
- 车型区域是一个div
- 品牌、车系、车型内的内容是一些dl, dt, dd的html元素
- 样式的事情交给CSS
实现的思路大致这样：
- 给input点击事件，点击弹出品牌、车系、车型显示的div，并绑定页面空白区域的点击事件
- 导航首字母指向锚点，品牌按首字母分类并提供锚点id
- 在控制器中把品牌按照首字母分类，以JSON格式返回到前端，填充到tmpl模版，再追加到页面品牌区域
- 给品牌添加鼠标移上事件，品牌为选中状态，对应的车系显示在车系区域
- 给品牌添加鼠标移去事件
- 给品牌添加点击事件，把点击品牌显示到input上
- 给车系添加鼠标移上事件，当前车系为选中状态，其对应的车型显示在车型区域，其所属的品牌为选中状态
- 给车系添加鼠标移去事件
- 给车系添加点击事件，把点击车系和所属品牌显示到input上，以逗号隔开
- 给车型添加鼠标移上事件，当前车型为选择状态，其所属父类车系为选中状态，车型所属父类品牌也为选中状态
- 给车型添加点击事件，把点击车型和所属车系、品牌显示到input上，以逗号隔开
- 给关闭按钮添加点击事件，关闭div，并解除页面空白区域点击事件的绑定
领域先行，首先是有关品牌、车系、车型的模型：
public class CarCateGory
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public int PId { get; set; }
public string FirstLetter { get; set; }
public string AnchorName { get; set; }
public int Level { get; set; }
}- PId属性用来表示父类Id,车系的父类Id为某个品牌Id,车型的父类Id为某个车系Id
- FirstLetter属性用来表示首字母，作为分组的条件
- AnchorName属性用来表示品牌的锚点id，车系和车型此项为空
在asp.net mvc4中，在Shared/Layout.cshtml中，该有的css,js都必须有：
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
<title>@ViewBag.Title</title>
@Styles.Render("~/Content/css")
@RenderSection("styles", required: false)
<link href="~/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />
@Scripts.Render("~/bundles/Jquery")
<script src="~/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
@RenderBody()
@RenderSection("scripts", required: false)
</body>模拟一个数据库，该数据库类可以获取到所有的品牌、车系、车型，以及根据品牌Id或车系Id获取对应的车系和车型。
public class Database
{
public static IEnumerable<CarCategory> GetCarCategories()
{
return new List<CarCategory>()
{
new CarCategory(){Id = 0, Name = "奥迪",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "aa", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 1, Name = "奥斯顿·马丁",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "aa", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 2, Name = "宝骏",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 3, Name = "巴博斯",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 4, Name = "北汽威旺",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 5, Name = "北汽制造",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 6, Name = "奔驰",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 7, Name = "别克",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 8, Name = "宾利",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 9, Name = "保时捷",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 10, Name = "比亚迪",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 11, Name = "奔腾",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 12, Name = "标致",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 13, Name = "本田",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 14, Name = "宝马",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 15, Name = "北京汽车",FirstLetter = "B",AnchorName = "bb", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 16, Name = "昌河",FirstLetter = "C",AnchorName = "cc", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 17, Name = "长安",FirstLetter = "C",AnchorName = "cc", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 18, Name = "长城",FirstLetter = "C",AnchorName = "cc", Level = 1, PId = -1},
new CarCategory(){Id = 19, Name = "奥迪A4",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 2, PId = 0},
new CarCategory(){Id = 20, Name = "奥迪A6L",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 2, PId = 0},
new CarCategory(){Id = 21, Name = "奥迪Q3",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 2, PId = 0},
new CarCategory(){Id = 22, Name = "奥迪A4舒适版",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 3, PId = 19},
new CarCategory(){Id = 23, Name = "奥迪A4尊贵版",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 3, PId = 19},
new CarCategory(){Id = 24, Name = "奥迪A6L舒适版",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 3, PId = 20},
new CarCategory(){Id = 25, Name = "奥迪A6L黄金版",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 3, PId = 20},
new CarCategory(){Id = 26, Name = "奥迪Q3舒适版",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 3, PId = 21},
new CarCategory(){Id = 27, Name = "奥迪Q3至尊版",FirstLetter = "A",AnchorName = "", Level = 3, PId = 21},
};
}
//根据品牌或车系I获取所有车系或车型
public static IEnumerable<CarCategory> GetCarCategoriesByPId(int pid)
{
return GetCarCategories().Where(c => c.PId == pid);
}
} 在HomeController中，在前端页面加载的时候，这里提供一个分组好的所有品牌的json格式给前端；当前端把鼠标移动到某个品牌上，这里根据品牌Id返回车系的json格式给前端；当前端把鼠标移动到某个车系上，这里根据车系Id返回车型的json格式给前端。
public class HomeController : Controller
{
public ActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}
//获取所有品牌
public ActionResult GetPinPai()
{
var allPinPai = Database.GetCarCategories().Where(c => c.Level == 1).OrderBy(c => c.Id);
var result = from p in allPinPai
group p by new
{
p.FirstLetter,
p.AnchorName
}
into g
select new {firstletter = g.Key.FirstLetter, anchor = g.Key.AnchorName, pinpais = g};
return Json(result, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
}
//根据品牌Id获取车系
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult GetCheXiByPId(int pid)
{
var allCheXi = Database.GetCarCategoriesByPId(pid).OrderBy(c => c.Id);
var result = from c in allCheXi
select new {chexi = c.Name, cxid = c.Id, parentId = c.PId};
return Json(result);
}
//根据车系Id获取车型
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult GetCheXingByCxId(int cxid)
{
var allCheXing = Database.GetCarCategoriesByPId(cxid).OrderBy(c => c.Id);
var result = from c in allCheXing
select new { chexing = c.Name, chexingid = c.Id, parentId = c.PId };
return Json(result);
}
} 在Home/Index.cshtml视图中，品牌、车系、车型内容都是先填充到tmpl模版中，然后追加到页面某个区域上的。
@{
ViewBag.Title = "Index";
Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
}
@section styles
{
<link href="~/Content/CarSelect.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="stylesheet" />
}
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" id="mychoice" class="fORM-control">
<span class="input-group-btn">
<button class="btn btn-default" type="button">∨</button>
</span>
</div>
<div id="carcategory-picker-outer">
<a href="javascript:void(0)" rel="external nofollow" class="cancel"></a>
<div id="carcategory-picker-inner">
<div id="pinpai" class="carcategory-list">
<h6>请选择品牌</h6>
<div id="PreLetter">
<a href="#aa" rel="external nofollow" >A</a>
<a href="#bb" rel="external nofollow" >B</a>
<a href="#cc" rel="external nofollow" >C</a>
<a href="#dd" rel="external nofollow" >D</a>
<a href="#ff" rel="external nofollow" >F</a>
<a href="#gg" rel="external nofollow" >G</a>
<a href="#hh" rel="external nofollow" >H</a>
<a href="#jj" rel="external nofollow" >J</a>
<a href="#kk" rel="external nofollow" >K</a>
<a href="#ll" rel="external nofollow" >L</a>
<a href="#mm" rel="external nofollow" >M</a>
<a href="#nn" rel="external nofollow" >N</a>
<a href="#oo" rel="external nofollow" >O</a>
<a href="#qq" rel="external nofollow" >Q</a>
<a href="#rr" rel="external nofollow" >R</a>
<a href="#ss" rel="external nofollow" >S</a>
<a href="#ww" rel="external nofollow" >W</a>
<a href="#xx" rel="external nofollow" >X</a>
<a href="#yy" rel="external nofollow" >Y</a>
<a href="#zz" rel="external nofollow" >Z</a>
</div>
<div id="AllPinPai">
</div>
</div>
<div id="chexi" class="carcategory-list">
<h6>请选择车系</h6>
<div id="AllCheXi">
</div>
</div>
<div id="chexin" class="carcategory-list">
<h6>请选择车型</h6>
<div id="AllCheXing">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
@section scripts
{
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery.tmpl.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function() {
//加载所有品牌
$.getJSON('@Url.Action("GetPinPai", "Home")', function(data) {
$('#pinpaiTemplate').tmpl(data).appendTo('#AllPinPai');
});
//点击input弹出品牌车系车型选择
$('#mychoice').on("click", function() {
$('#carcategory-picker-outer').css('display', 'block');
$("body").bind("mousedown", onBodyDown);//绑定鼠标单击事件
});
//点击关闭按钮隐藏品牌车系车型选择
$('.cancel').on("click", function() {
hideMenu();
});
//给所有品牌加上鼠标移动上事件
$('#AllPinPai').on("mouseover", ".ppm", function() {
$(this).addClass('selected');
$('#chexi').css("display", "block");
$.post('@Url.Action("GetCheXiByPId","Home")', { 'pid': $(this).attr('pid') }, function (data) {
$('#AllCheXi').empty();
$('#AllCheXing').empty();
$('#chexiTemplate').tmpl(data).appendTo('#AllCheXi');
});
});
//给所有品牌加上鼠标移去事件
$('#AllPinPai').on("mouseout", ".ppm", function () {
$(this).removeClass('selected');
});
//品牌点击事件
$('#AllPinPai').on("click", ".ppm", function () {
$('#mychoice').val('');
$('#mychoice').val($(this).text());
hideMenu();
});
//给车系加上鼠标移动上事件
$('#AllCheXi').on("mouseover", ".cxm", function () {
//取取当前车系的父类Id
var parentId = $(this).attr('parentid');
//把品牌中该父类添加selected这个类
$('#AllPinPai').find("a[pid='" + parentId + "']").addClass('selected');
$(this).addClass('selected');
$('#chexin').css("display", "block");
$.post('@Url.Action("GetCheXingByCxId","Home")', { 'cxid': $(this).attr('pid') }, function (data) {
$('#AllCheXing').empty();
$('#chexingTemplate').tmpl(data).appendTo('#AllCheXing');
});
});
//给车系加上鼠标移去事件
$('#AllCheXi').on("mouseout", ".cxm", function () {
$(this).removeClass('selected');
//取取当前车系的父类Id
var parentId = $(this).attr('parentid');
//把品牌中该父类添加selected这个类
$('#AllPinPai').find("a[pid='" + parentId + "']").removeClass('selected');
});
//车系点击事件
$('#AllCheXi').on("click", ".cxm", function () {
$('#mychoice').val('');
//取取当前车系的父类Id
var parentId = $(this).attr('parentid');
$('#mychoice').val($('#AllPinPai').find("a[pid='" + parentId + "']").text() + "," + $(this).text());
hideMenu();
});
//给车型加上鼠标移上事件
$('#AllCheXing').on("mouseover", ".cxim", function () {
//取出车型的父类id
var parentId = $(this).attr('parentid');
//把车系中该父类添加selected这个类
$('#AllCheXi').find("a[pid='" + parentId + "']").addClass('selected');
//取出车系的父类id
var parentparentId = $('#AllCheXi').find("a[pid='" + parentId + "']").attr('parentid');
//把品牌中该父类添加selected这个类
$('#AllPinPai').find("a[pid='" + parentparentId + "']").addClass('selected');
});
//给车型加上鼠标移去事件
$('#AllCheXing').on("mouseout", ".cxim", function () {
//取出车型的父类id
var parentId = $(this).attr('parentid');
//把车系中该父类添加selected这个类
$('#AllCheXi').find("a[pid='" + parentId + "']").removeClass('selected');
//取出车系的父类id
var parentparentId = $('#AllCheXi').find("a[pid='" + parentId + "']").attr('parentid');
//把品牌中该父类添加selected这个类
$('#AllPinPai').find("a[pid='" + parentparentId + "']").removeClass('selected');
});
//车型点击事件
$('#AllCheXing').on("click", ".cxim", function () {
$('#mychoice').val('');
//取出车型的父类id
var parentId = $(this).attr('parentid');
//取出车系的父类id
var parentparentId = $('#AllCheXi').find("a[pid='" + parentId + "']").attr('parentid');
$('#mychoice').val($('#AllPinPai').find("a[pid='" + parentparentId + "']").text() + "," + $('#AllCheXi').find("a[pid='" + parentId + "']").text() + "," + $(this).text());
hideMenu();
});
});
//隐藏树并解除绑定
function hideMenu() {
$("#carcategory-picker-outer").fadeOut("fast");
$("body").unbind("mousedown", onBodyDown);
}
//鼠标单击空白处事件
function onBodyDown(event) {
if (!(event.target.id == "mychoice" || event.target.id == "carcategory-picker-outer" || $(event.target).parents("#carcategory-picker-outer").length > 0)) {
hideMenu();
}
}
</script>
<script id="pinpaiTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl">
<dl>
<dt id="${anchor}">${firstletter}</dt>
{{if pinpais}}
{{each pinpais}}<dd><a class="ppm" pid="${$value.Id}">${$value.Name}</a></dd>{{/each}}
{{else}}
<dd>没有此品牌</dd>
{{/if}}
</dl>
</script>
<script id="chexiTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl">
<dl>
<dd><a class="cxm" pid="${cxid}" parentid="${parentId}">${chexi}</a></dd>
</dl>
</script>
<script id="chexingTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl">
<dl>
<dd><a class="cxim" pid="${chexingid}" parentid="${parentId}">${chexing}</a></dd>
</dl>
</script>
}css部分如下，关闭按钮可自找。
#carcategory-picker-outer {
background: #f9f9f9;
padding: 10px;
width: 640px;
height: 380px;
position: relative;
display: none;
}
#PreLetter {
border: 0px solid blue;
width: 21px;
float: left;
}
#PreLetter a:link{
display: block;
text-decoration: none;
clear: both;
font-size: 10px;
text-align: center;
padding-top: 0px;
border: 1px solid #e3e3e3;
width: 15px;
height: 15px;
background-color: #e9e9e9;
margin-top: 2px;
font-weight: bold;
}
#PreLetter a:hover {
border: 1px solid blue;
}
#PreLetter a:visited {
border: 1px solid #e3e3e3;
}
#pinpai {
border: 0px solid green;
float: left;
}
#AllPinPai {
border: 1px solid #e3e3e3;
margin-left: 5px;
float: left;
padding-bottom: 0px;
width: 120px;
height: 340px;
overflow-y: auto;
}
#AllPinPai dl dd a {
text-decoration: none;
display: block;
padding-left: 10px;
}
#AllPinPai dl dd {
padding-left: 0px;
}
#AllPinPai dl dd a:hover {
color: white;
}
#AllPinPai dl {
margin-bottom: 5px;
}
#chexi {
border: 0px solid orange;
float: left;
margin-left: 10px;
display: none;
}
#AllCheXi {
width: 150px;
height: 340px;
overflow-y: auto;
border: 1px solid #e3e3e3;
}
#AllCheXi dl dd a {
text-decoration: none;
display: block;
padding-left: 10px;
}
#AllCheXi dl dd {
padding-left: 0px;
}
#AllCheXi dl dd a:hover {
color: white;
}
#AllCheXi dl {
margin-bottom: 5px;
}
#chexin {
border: 0px solid red;
float: left;
margin-left: 10px;
display: none;
}
#AllCheXing {
width: 300px;
height: 340px;
overflow-y: auto;
border: 1px solid #e3e3e3;
}
#AllCheXing dl dd a {
text-decoration: none;
display: block;
padding-left: 10px;
}
#AllCheXing dl dd {
padding-left: 0px;
}
#AllCheXing dl dd a:hover {
background-color: gray;
color: white;
}
#AllCheXing dl {
margin-bottom: 5px;
}
dt {
background-color: #e9e9e9;
padding-left: 10px;
}
dl {
border: 0px solid red;
}
dd {
padding-left: 10px;
line-height: 15px;
margin-top: 5px;
margin-bottom: 0px;
border: 0px solid blue;
}
.selected {
background-color: gray;
color: white;
}
.cancel {
width: 20px;
height: 17px;
position: absolute;
display: block;
top: 20px;
right: 20px;
background-image: url("../img/close.png");
border: 1px solid orangered;
background-color: orangered;
}
.input-group {
width: 640px;
}以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了，希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值，谢谢大家对的支持。如果你想了解更多相关内容请查看下面相关链接
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