Java实现大文件的分割与合并的方法详解
一、题目描述-合并多个文本文件
1、题目
题目:做一个合并多个文本文件的工具。
2、解题思路
创建一个类:TextFileConcatenation
使用TextFileConcatenation继承JFrame构建窗体
读取文本文件时,用的是BufferedReader类的readLine()方法读入一行数据。
将选择的多个文本文件合并到d://concatenation.txt
3、代码详解
package com.xiaoxuzhu;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileFilter;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFileChooser;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.jscrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
public class TextFileConcatenation extends JFrame {
private JPanel contentPane;
private JTextField textField;
private File[] textFiles;
private JTextArea textArea;
public static void main(String[] args) {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
TextFileConcatenation frame = new TextFileConcatenation();
frame.setVisible(true);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
public TextFileConcatenation() {
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100, 100, 450, 300);
contentPane = new JPanel();
contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
contentPane.setLayout(new BorderLayout(0, 0));
setContentPane(contentPane);
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
contentPane.add(panel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
JLabel fileLabel = new JLabel("文件夹所在位置");
panel.add(fileLabel);
textField = new JTextField();
panel.add(textField);
textField.setColumns(10);
JButton button = new JButton("选择文件夹");
button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerfORMed(ActionEvent e) {
do_button_actionPerformed(e);
}
});
panel.add(button);
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane();
contentPane.add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textArea = new JTextArea();
scrollPane.setViewportView(textArea);
JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel();
contentPane.add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
JButton concatButton = new JButton("合并文件");
concatButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
do_concatButton_actionPerformed(e);
}
});
buttonPanel.add(concatButton);
}
protected void do_button_actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
JFileChooser chooser = new JFileChooser();
chooser.setFileSelectionMode(JFileChooser.DIRECTORIES_ONLY);
chooser.setMultiSelectionEnabled(false);
int result = chooser.showOpenDialog(this);
if (result == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) {
File selectFile = chooser.getSelectedFile();
textField.setText(selectFile.getAbsolutePath());
textFiles = selectFile.listFiles(new FileFilter() {
@Override
public boolean accept(File pathname) {
if (pathname.getAbsolutePath().endsWith(".txt")) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
});
for (File textFile : textFiles) {
textArea.append(textFile.getAbsolutePath() + "\n\r");
}
}
}
protected void do_concatButton_actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (textFiles == null) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "请选择文件文件位置!", "警告信息", JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE);
return;
}
if (textFiles.length == 0) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "文件夹中不包括文本文件!", "警告信息", JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE);
return;
}
BufferedReader reader = null;
FileWriter writer = null;
try {
writer = new FileWriter("d://concatenation.txt");// 创建文件输出流
for (File textFile : textFiles) {// 遍历用户选择的文本文件
reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(textFile));// 创建缓冲输入流
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
writer.write(line);// 将读入的数据写入到文件中
}
}
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "文件合并成功!", "提示信息", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
return;
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (writer != null) {
try {
writer.close();
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (reader != null) {
try {
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
启动:
合并前:选择文件夹
合并后:
二、题目描述-对大文件进行分割处理
1、题目
题目:大数据文件为了方便传输,通常会进行切割处理。
实现一个将大文件分割成多个文件的工具
2、解题思路
创建一个类:ComminuteFrame
使用ComminuteFrame继承JFrame构建窗体
ComminuteFrame 增加标签,文本框和分割按钮
创建一个类:ComminuteUtil
ComminuteUtil主要处理分割的逻辑处理
通过输入流读取要分割的文件,分别从流中读取相应的字节数;
将其写到.tem的后缀文件中,分割的文件存放在源文件的对应目录下。
3、代码详解
ComminuteFrame类
package com.xiaoxuzhu;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.FileDialog;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.io.File;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
public class ComminuteFrame extends JFrame {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 2547743180459668116L;
private JPanel contentPane;
private JTextField sourceTextField;
private JTextField sizeTextField;
public static void main(String[] args) {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
ComminuteFrame frame = new ComminuteFrame();
frame.setVisible(true);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
public ComminuteFrame() {
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100, 100, 430, 211);
contentPane = new JPanel();
contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
setContentPane(contentPane);
contentPane.setLayout(null);
setTitle("文件分割");
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
panel.setBounds(0, 0, 414, 181);
contentPane.add(panel);
panel.setLayout(null);
JLabel messagelabel = new JLabel("源文件:");
messagelabel.setBounds(47, 41, 54, 20);
panel.add(messagelabel);
sourceTextField = new JTextField();
sourceTextField.setBounds(105, 41, 178, 21);
panel.add(sourceTextField);
sourceTextField.setColumns(10);
JButton sourceButton = new JButton("选择");
sourceButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
do_sourceButton_actionPerformed(arg0);
}
});
sourceButton.setBounds(303, 40, 67, 23);
panel.add(sourceButton);
JLabel sizelabel = new JLabel("分割大小:");
sizelabel.setBounds(34, 86, 67, 15);
panel.add(sizelabel);
sizeTextField = new JTextField();
sizeTextField.setBounds(105, 83, 178, 21);
panel.add(sizeTextField);
sizeTextField.setColumns(10);
sizeTextField.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent event) { // 某键按下时调用的方法
char ch = event.geTKEyChar(); // 获取用户键入的字符
if ((ch < '0' || ch > '9')) { // 如果用户输入的信息不为数字或小数
event.consume(); // 不允许用户键入
}
}
});
JLabel lblM = new JLabel("M");
lblM.setBounds(313, 86, 44, 15);
panel.add(lblM);
JButton cominButton = new JButton("分割");
cominButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
do_cominButton_actionPerformed(arg0);
}
});
cominButton.setBounds(101, 138, 93, 23);
panel.add(cominButton);
JButton close = new JButton("退出");
close.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
do_close_actionPerformed(arg0);
}
});
close.setBounds(229, 138, 93, 23);
panel.add(close);
}
protected void do_sourceButton_actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
java.awt.FileDialog fd = new FileDialog(this);
fd.setVisible(true);
String path = fd.getDirectory() + fd.getFile();
if (!path.equals("") && !(path == null)) {
sourceTextField.setText(path);
}
}
protected void do_cominButton_actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
ComminuteUtil util = new ComminuteUtil();
String path = sourceTextField.getText();
int size = Integer.parseInt(sizeTextField.getText());
String subPath = path.substring(0, path.lastIndexOf("\\"));
util.fenGe(new File(path), new File(subPath), size);
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(getContentPane(), "文件分割成功!", "信息提示框", JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE);
}
protected void do_close_actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
System.exit(0);
}
}
ComminuteUtil类
package com.xiaoxuzhu;
import java.io.*;
public class ComminuteUtil {
// 实现文件分割方法
public void fenGe(File commFile, File untieFile, int filesize) {
FileInputStream fis = null;
int size = 1024 * 1024; // 用来指定分割文件要以MB为单位
try {
if (!untieFile.isDirectory()) { // 如果要保存分割文件地址不是路径
untieFile.mkdirs(); // 创建该路径
}
size = size * filesize;
int length = (int) commFile.length(); // 获取文件大小
int num = length / size; // 获取文件大小除以MB的得数
int yu = length % size; // 获取文件大小与MB相除的余数
String newfengeFile = commFile.getAbsolutePath(); // 获取保存文件的完成路径信息
int fileNew = newfengeFile.lastIndexOf(".");
String strNew = newfengeFile.substring(fileNew, newfengeFile.length()); // 截取字符串
fis = new FileInputStream(commFile); // 创建FileInputStream类对象
File[] fl = new File[num + 1]; // 创建文件数组
int begin = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) { // 循环遍历数组
fl[i] = new File(untieFile.getAbsolutePath() + "\\" + (i + 1) + strNew + ".tem"); // 指定分割后小文件的文件名
if (!fl[i].isFile()) {
fl[i].createNewFile(); // 创建该文件
}
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(fl[i]);
byte[] bl = new byte[size];
fis.read(bl); // 读取分割后的小文件
fos.write(bl); // 写文件
begin = begin + size * 1024 * 1024;
fos.close(); // 关闭流
}
if (yu != 0) { // 文件大小与指定文件分割大小相除的余数不为0
fl[num] = new File(untieFile.getAbsolutePath() + "\\" + (num + 1) + strNew + ".tem"); // 指定文件分割后数组中最后一个文件名
if (!fl[num].isFile()) {
fl[num].createNewFile(); // 新建文件
}
FileOutputStream fyu = new FileOutputStream(fl[num]);
byte[] byt = new byte[yu];
fis.read(byt);
fyu.write(byt);
fyu.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
分割前:
分割后:
三、题目描述-分割后又再次合并
1、题目
题目:分割后的文件要能再次正常使用,需要合并。
实现:做一个把分割后的文件又再次合并的工具
2、解题思路
创建一个类:UniteFrame
使用UniteFrame继承JFrame构建窗体
UniteFrame增加标签,文本框和分割按钮
创建一个类:UniteUtil
UniteUtil主要处理合并的逻辑处理
通过文件字节输入/输出流,把要合并的所有文件读取后,统一写入新文件中。
3、代码详解
UniteFrame类:
package com.xiaoxuzhu;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.FileDialog;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.swing.DefaultListModel;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JList;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
public class UniteFrame extends JFrame {
private JPanel contentPane;
JList fileList = new JList();
DefaultListModel listModel = new DefaultListModel();
String folder = "";
String fileName = "";
List<String> listPath = new ArrayList<String>();
public static void main(String[] args) {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
UniteFrame frame = new UniteFrame();
frame.setVisible(true);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
public UniteFrame() {
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100, 100, 425, 300);
contentPane = new JPanel();
contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
setContentPane(contentPane);
contentPane.setLayout(null);
setTitle("文件合并");
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
panel.setBounds(0, 0, 409, 262);
contentPane.add(panel);
panel.setLayout(null);
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane();
scrollPane.setBounds(33, 51, 311, 151);
panel.add(scrollPane);
fileList.setModel(listModel);
scrollPane.setViewportView(fileList);
JLabel messagelabel = new JLabel("要进行合并的文件列表:");
messagelabel.setBounds(33, 20, 156, 21);
panel.add(messagelabel);
JButton openButton = new JButton("打开");
openButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
do_openButton_actionPerformed(arg0);
}
});
openButton.setBounds(43, 218, 68, 23);
panel.add(openButton);
JButton uniteButton = new JButton("合并");
uniteButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
do_uniteButton_actionPerformed(arg0);
}
});
uniteButton.setBounds(152, 218, 68, 23);
panel.add(uniteButton);
JButton closeButton = new JButton("退出");
closeButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
do_closeButton_actionPerformed(arg0);
}
});
closeButton.setBounds(258, 218, 68, 23);
panel.add(closeButton);
}
// 打开按钮的单击事件
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
protected void do_openButton_actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
java.awt.FileDialog fd = new FileDialog(this);
fd.setVisible(true);
folder = fd.getDirectory();
String path = fd.getDirectory() + fd.getFile();
fileName = fd.getFile();
UniteUtil util = new UniteUtil();
if (path.endsWith(".tem")) {
List list = util.getList(folder);
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
String abpath = list.get(i).toString();
if (abPath.endsWith(".tem")) {
System.out.println("ABPAth " + abPath);
listModel.addElement(abPath);
listPath.add(abPath);
}
}
}
validate();
}
// 合并按钮的单击事件
protected void do_uniteButton_actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
UniteUtil util = new UniteUtil();
String newName = fileName.substring(fileName.indexOf("."), fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
File[] files = new File[listPath.size()];
for (int i = 0; i < listPath.size(); i++) {
files[i] = new File(listPath.get(i).toString());
}
util.unite(files, new File(folder), newName);
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(getContentPane(), "文件合并成功!", "信息提示框", JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE);
}
// 退出按钮的单击事件
protected void do_closeButton_actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
System.exit(0);
}
}
UniteUtil类
package com.xiaoxuzhu;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
public class UniteUtil {
public void unite(File[] file, File cunDir, String hz) {
try {
File heBingFile = new File(cunDir.getAbsoluteFile() + "\\UNTIE" + hz); // 指定分割后文件的文件名
if (!heBingFile.isFile()) {
heBingFile.createNewFile();
}
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(heBingFile); // 创建FileOutputStream对象
for (int i = 0; i < file.length; i++) { // 循环遍历要进行合并的文件数组对象
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file[i]);
int len = (int) file[i].length(); // 获取文件长度
byte[] bRead = new byte[len];
fis.read(bRead); // 读取文件
fos.write(bRead); // 写入文件
fis.close(); // 将流关闭
}
fos.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 获取磁盘所有文件方法
public List<String> getList(String path) {
LinkedList<File> list = new LinkedList<File>();
ArrayList<String> listPath = new ArrayList<String>();
File dir = new File(path);
File file[] = dir.listFiles();
for (int i = 0; i < file.length; i++) {
if (file[i].isDirectory())
list.add(file[i]);
else {
listPath.add(file[i].getAbsolutePath());
}
}
File tmp;
while (!list.isEmpty()) {
tmp = list.removeFirst(); // 移除并返回集合中第一项
if (tmp.isDirectory()) {
file = tmp.listFiles();
if (file == null)
continue;
for (int i = 0; i < file.length; i++) {
if (file[i].isDirectory())
list.add(file[i]);
else {
listPath.add(file[i].getAbsolutePath());
}
}
} else {
}
}
return listPath;
}
}
合并成功:
4、多学一个知识点
新合并的文件,是怎么知道后缀文件名是哪个
这个在进行分割处理时就有考虑设计了,切割的文件名是以1.zip.tem,前面的是切割排序号,中间的是源文件的文件类型后缀,最后是切割文件后缀。
String newName = fileName.substring(fileName.indexOf("."), fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
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