OpenCV+Qt实现图像处理操作

2022-11-13 14:11:23 opencv 操作图像处理

本文实例为大家分享了OpenCV+Qt实现图像处理操作的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

一、目标

Qt界面实现雪花屏高斯模糊中值滤波毛玻璃灰度化 XY方向模糊双边模糊腐蚀 [图像处理操作]

要求左边原图，右边效果图

结果展示如下：[图像处理实现有点多，就不一个一个地展示了，各别展示如下]

雪花屏

毛玻璃

灰度化处理

二、使用Qt界面

使用到Qt中的UI设计界面

设计好界面之后最好先保存

对每一个按钮设计槽函数

三、图像处理操作完整代码

难点在于：Qt是QImage而OpenCV是Mat，需要Mat转QImage才能在Qt界面中进行图片的正常显示

头文件中导入opencv包

#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H
#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <QWidget>
using namespace cv;
 
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui {class Widget;}
QT_END_NAMESPACE
 
class Widget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
//  Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    explicit Widget(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~Widget();
 
private slots:
    void on_pushButton_clicked();//雪花屏
    void on_pushButton_2_clicked();//高斯模糊
    void on_pushButton_3_clicked();//中值滤波
    void on_pushButton_4_clicked();//毛玻璃
    void on_pushButton_5_clicked();//灰度化
    void on_pushButton_6_clicked();//XY方向模糊
    void on_pushButton_7_clicked();//双边模糊
    void on_pushButton_8_clicked();//腐蚀
private:
    Ui::Widget *ui;
    Mat srcimage;//原图
};
 
#endif // WIDGET_H

源文件中实现图像处理方法

#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"
 
Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent) :
    QWidget(parent),
    ui(new Ui::Widget)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
}
 
Widget::~Widget()
{
    delete ui;
}
 
//雪花屏
void Widget::on_pushButton_clicked()
{
    //读取原始图片
    Mat srcimage = imread("D:/000imageopencv/efls111.jpg");
    //Mat转QImage 颜色
    cvtColor(srcimage,srcimage,CV_BGR2RGB);
    //Mat转QImage 像素   oldlabel放置原图
    QImage disimage = QImage(srcimage.data,srcimage.cols,srcimage.rows,srcimage.cols*srcimage.channels(),QImage::FORMat_RGB888);
    disimage = disimage.scaled(ui->oldlabel->width(),ui->oldlabel->height());
    ui->oldlabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(disimage));
 
    //像素二维矩阵函数
    int rows = srcimage.rows;
    //像素二维矩阵列数
    int cols = srcimage.cols * srcimage.channels();
    for(int i=0;i<rows;i++)
    {
        uchar * data = srcimage.ptr<uchar>(i);
        for(int j=0;j<cols;j++)
        {
            //雪花屏特效
            int q = rand()%cols;
            data[q]=155;//某些通道随机改成155
        }
    }
    //Mat转QImage 像素   newlabel放置图像处理后图片
    QImage disimage2 = QImage(srcimage.data,srcimage.cols,srcimage.rows,srcimage.cols*srcimage.channels(),QImage::Format_RGB888);
    disimage2 = disimage2.scaled(ui->newlabel->width(),ui->newlabel->height());
    ui->newlabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(disimage2));
}
 
//高斯模糊
void Widget::on_pushButton_2_clicked()
{
    //读取原始图片
    Mat srcimage = imread("D:/000imageopencv/efls111.jpg");
    //Mat转QImage 颜色
    cvtColor(srcimage,srcimage,CV_BGR2RGB);
    //Mat转QImage 像素   oldlabel放置原图
    QImage disimage = QImage(srcimage.data,srcimage.cols,srcimage.rows,srcimage.cols*srcimage.channels(),QImage::Format_RGB888);
 
    Mat retimage;
    //高斯模糊
    GaussianBlur(srcimage,retimage,Size(5,5),0,0);
 
    //Mat转QImage 像素   newlabel放置图像处理后图片
    QImage disimage2 = QImage(retimage.data,retimage.cols,retimage.rows,retimage.cols*retimage.channels(),QImage::Format_RGB888);
    disimage2 = disimage2.scaled(ui->newlabel->width(),ui->newlabel->height());
    ui->newlabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(disimage2));
}
 
//中值滤波
void Widget::on_pushButton_3_clicked()
{
    //读取原始图片
    Mat srcimage = imread("D:/000imageopencv/efls111.jpg");
    //Mat转QImage 颜色
    cvtColor(srcimage,srcimage,CV_BGR2RGB);
    //Mat转QImage 像素   oldlabel放置原图
    QImage disimage = QImage(srcimage.data,srcimage.cols,srcimage.rows,srcimage.cols*srcimage.channels(),QImage::Format_RGB888);
    disimage = disimage.scaled(ui->oldlabel->width(),ui->oldlabel->height());
    ui->oldlabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(disimage));
 
    Mat retumage;
    //中值滤波
    medianBlur(srcimage,retumage,5);
 
    //Mat转QImage 像素   newlabel放置图像处理后图片
    QImage disimage2 = QImage(retumage.data,retumage.cols,retumage.rows,retumage.cols*retumage.channels(),QImage::Format_RGB888);
    disimage2 = disimage2.scaled(ui->newlabel->width(),ui->newlabel->height());
    ui->newlabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(disimage2));
}
 
//毛玻璃
void Widget::on_pushButton_4_clicked()
{
    //读取原始图片
    Mat srcimage = imread("D:/000imageopencv/efls111.jpg");
    //Mat转QImage 颜色
    cvtColor(srcimage,srcimage,CV_BGR2RGB);
    //Mat转QImage 像素   oldlabel放置原图
    QImage disimage = QImage(srcimage.data,srcimage.cols,srcimage.rows,srcimage.cols*srcimage.channels(),QImage::Format_RGB888);
    disimage = disimage.scaled(ui->oldlabel->width(),ui->oldlabel->height());
    ui->oldlabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(disimage));
 
    //毛玻璃
    RNG rng;
    int random;
    int num = 5;
    for(int i=0;i<srcimage.rows -num;i++)
    {
        for(int j=0;j<srcimage.cols -num;j++)
        {
            //通过rng返回0-15随机数
            random = rng.uniform(0,num);
            srcimage.at<Vec3b>(i,j)[0] = srcimage.at<Vec3b>(i+random,j+random)[0];
            srcimage.at<Vec3b>(i,j)[1] = srcimage.at<Vec3b>(i+random,j+random)[1];
            srcimage.at<Vec3b>(i,j)[2] = srcimage.at<Vec3b>(i+random,j+random)[2];
        }
    }
 
    //Mat转QImage 像素   newlabel放置图像处理后图片
    QImage disimage2 = QImage(srcimage.data,srcimage.cols,srcimage.rows,srcimage.cols*srcimage.channels(),QImage::Format_RGB888);
    disimage2 = disimage2.scaled(ui->newlabel->width(),ui->newlabel->height());
    ui->newlabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(disimage2));
}
 
//灰度化
void Widget::on_pushButton_5_clicked()
{
    //读取原始图片
    Mat srcimage = imread("D:/000imageopencv/efls111.jpg");
    //Mat转QImage 颜色
    cvtColor(srcimage,srcimage,CV_BGR2RGB);
    //Mat转QImage 像素   oldlabel放置原图
    QImage disimage = QImage(srcimage.data,srcimage.cols,srcimage.rows,srcimage.cols*srcimage.channels(),QImage::Format_RGB888);
    disimage = disimage.scaled(ui->oldlabel->width(),ui->oldlabel->height());
    ui->oldlabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(disimage));
 
    Mat retumage;
    //灰度处理 灰度是单通道8位 QImage是24位三通道
    cvtColor(srcimage,retumage,CV_BGR2GRAY);
    cvtColor(retumage,retumage,CV_GRAY2BGR);
 
    //Mat转QImage 像素   newlabel放置图像处理后图片
    QImage disimage2 = QImage(retumage.data,retumage.cols,retumage.rows,retumage.cols*retumage.channels(),QImage::Format_RGB888);
    disimage2 = disimage2.scaled(ui->newlabel->width(),ui->newlabel->height());
    ui->newlabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(disimage2));
}
 
//XY方向模糊
void Widget::on_pushButton_6_clicked()
{
    //读取原始图片
    Mat srcimage = imread("D:/000imageopencv/efls111.jpg");
    //Mat转QImage 颜色
    cvtColor(srcimage,srcimage,CV_BGR2RGB);
    //Mat转QImage 像素   oldlabel放置原图
    QImage disimage = QImage(srcimage.data,srcimage.cols,srcimage.rows,srcimage.cols*srcimage.channels(),QImage::Format_RGB888);
    disimage = disimage.scaled(ui->oldlabel->width(),ui->oldlabel->height());
    ui->oldlabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(disimage));
 
    Mat retumage;
    //xy轴模糊
    blur(srcimage,retumage,Size(10,10));
 
    //Mat转QImage 像素   newlabel放置图像处理后图片
    QImage disimage2 = QImage(retumage.data,retumage.cols,retumage.rows,retumage.cols*retumage.channels(),QImage::Format_RGB888);
    disimage2 = disimage2.scaled(ui->newlabel->width(),ui->newlabel->height());
    ui->newlabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(disimage2));
}
 
//双边模糊
void Widget::on_pushButton_7_clicked()
{
    //读取原始图片
    Mat srcimage = imread("D:/000imageopencv/efls111.jpg");
    //Mat转QImage 颜色
    cvtColor(srcimage,srcimage,CV_BGR2RGB);
    //Mat转QImage 像素   oldlabel放置原图
    QImage disimage = QImage(srcimage.data,srcimage.cols,srcimage.rows,srcimage.cols*srcimage.channels(),QImage::Format_RGB888);
    disimage = disimage.scaled(ui->oldlabel->width(),ui->oldlabel->height());
    ui->oldlabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(disimage));
 
    Mat retumage;
    //双倍模糊
    cv::bilateralFilter(srcimage,retumage,15,120,10,4);
 
    //Mat转QImage 像素   newlabel放置图像处理后图片
    QImage disimage2 = QImage(retumage.data,retumage.cols,retumage.rows,retumage.cols*retumage.channels(),QImage::Format_RGB888);
    disimage2 = disimage2.scaled(ui->newlabel->width(),ui->newlabel->height());
    ui->newlabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(disimage2));
}
 
//腐蚀
void Widget::on_pushButton_8_clicked()
{
    //读取原始图片
    Mat srcimage = imread("D:/000imageopencv/efls111.jpg");
    //Mat转QImage 颜色
    cvtColor(srcimage,srcimage,CV_BGR2RGB);
    //Mat转QImage 像素   oldlabel放置原图
    QImage disimage = QImage(srcimage.data,srcimage.cols,srcimage.rows,srcimage.cols*srcimage.channels(),QImage::Format_RGB888);
    disimage = disimage.scaled(ui->oldlabel->width(),ui->oldlabel->height());
    ui->oldlabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(disimage));
 
    Mat retumage;
    //腐蚀
    Mat element = cv::getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT,Size(5,5));
    cv::erode(srcimage,retumage,element);
 
    //Mat转QImage 像素   newlabel放置图像处理后图片
    QImage disimage2 = QImage(retumage.data,retumage.cols,retumage.rows,retumage.cols*retumage.channels(),QImage::Format_RGB888);
    disimage2 = disimage2.scaled(ui->newlabel->width(),ui->newlabel->height());
    ui->newlabel->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(disimage2));
}

主入口Qt窗口显示

#include "widget.h"
#include <QApplication>
 
int main(int arGC, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    Widget w;
    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。

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