Qt+OpenCV利用帧差法实现车辆识别

#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H
#include <QWidget>
#include<OpenCV2/opencv.hpp>
#include"videothread.h"
 
using namespace cv;
 
namespace Ui {
class Widget;
}
 
class Widget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit Widget(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~Widget();
    void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *e);
private slots:
    void on_pushButton_clicked();
public slots:
    //绑定线程 需要两帧画面 原图和处理之后的图   接收由同一个信号发送来的两帧画面
    void ChangeImg(Mat oldimg,Mat newimg);
private:
    Ui::Widget *ui;
    videothread *pthread;
    QImage oldimg;
    QImage newimg;
};
 
#endif // WIDGET_H

#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"
 
Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent) :
    QWidget(parent),
    ui(new Ui::Widget)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    this->pthread = new videothread("D:/00000000000003jieduanshipincailliao/carMove.mp4");
    //由于线程同步问题 需要使用第五个参数
    connect(this->pthread,SIGNAL(send2UI(Mat,Mat)),this,SLOT(ChangeImg(Mat,Mat)),Qt::BlockingQueuedConnection);
}
 
Widget::~Widget()
{
    delete ui;
}
 
void Widget::paintEvent(QPaintEvent *e)
{
    ui->label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(this->oldimg));
    ui->label_2->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(this->newimg));
    //qDebug()<<"paintEvent";
}
 
void Widget::on_pushButton_clicked()
{
    this->pthread->start();
}
 
void Widget::ChangeImg(Mat oldimg,Mat newimg)
{
    //Mat是BGR 而QImage是RGB 需要转换颜色
    cvtColor(oldimg,oldimg,CV_BGR2RGB);
    cvtColor(newimg,newimg,CV_BGR2RGB);
 
    this->oldimg = QImage(oldimg.data,oldimg.cols,oldimg.rows,QImage::FORMat_RGB888);
    this->oldimg = this->oldimg.scaled(ui->label->width(),ui->label->height());
 
    this->newimg = QImage(newimg.data,newimg.cols,newimg.rows,QImage::Format_RGB888);
    this->newimg = this->newimg.scaled(ui->label_2->width(),ui->label_2->height());
    //update();
}

#ifndef VIDEOTHREAD_H
#define VIDEOTHREAD_H
#include<QThread>
#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<vector>
#include<QDebug>
#include <QObject>
 
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
 
class videothread : public QThread
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    //explicit videothread(QObject *parent = 0);
    //线程传参视频路径
    videothread(char *path);
    void run();
private:
    VideoCapture cap;
    Mat frame;//读一帧
    Mat temp;//保存上一帧
signals:
    //发送信号
    void send2UI(Mat oldimg,Mat newimg);
public slots:
};
 
#endif // VIDEOTHREAD_H

#include "videothread.h"
 
videothread::videothread(char *path):QThread()
{
    //打开一个视频
    cap.open(path);
}
 
void videothread::run()
{
    int count = 0;
    Mat resFrame,diff;
    Mat frontGray,afterGray;
    vector<vector<Point>>contours;
 
    Mat element = cv::getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT,Size(3,3));
    Mat element2 = cv::getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT,Size(20,20));
    int x,y,w,h;
 
    while (cap.read(frame))
    {
        count++;
        if(count == 1)
        {
            //保存第一帧
            temp = frame.clone();
            continue;
        }
        else {
            //绘制矩形 使用此帧
            resFrame = frame.clone();
            //1 灰度处理 目的 RGB三通道转灰度单通道 压缩到原图片三分之一大小
            cvtColor(temp,frontGray,CV_RGB2GRAY);
            cvtColor(frame,afterGray,CV_RGB2GRAY);
            //2 帧差处理 目的 找到帧与帧之间的差异(正在运动的物体)
            absdiff(frontGray,afterGray,diff);
            //3 二值化处理 目的 将灰度图继续识别转换为黑白分明的图像
            threshold(diff,diff,25,255,CV_THRESH_BINARY);
            //4 图像降噪
            //4-1 腐蚀处理 目的 去除白色噪点
            erode(diff,diff,element);
            //4-2 膨胀 目的 把白色区域变大
            dilate(diff,diff,element2);
            //5 提取关键点
            //5-1 查找特征点
            findContours(diff,contours,CV_RETR_EXTERNAL,CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE,Point(0,0));
            //qDebug()<<contours.size();
            //5-2 提取关键点
            vector<vector<Point>>contours_poly(contours.size());
            vector<Rect>boundRect(contours.size());
            //5-3 确定下四个点来用于框选目标物体
            int num=contours.size();
            for(int i = 0;i < num;i++)
            {
                approxPolyDP(Mat(contours[i]),contours_poly[i],3,true);
                //多边拟合
                boundRect[i]=boundingRect(Mat(contours_poly[i]));
                x=boundRect[i].x;
                y=boundRect[i].y;
                w=boundRect[i].width;
                h=boundRect[i].height;
                //绘制矩形
                rectangle(resFrame,Point(x,y),Point(x+w,y+h),Scalar(0,0,255),2);
            }
        }
        temp = frame.clone();
        emit send2UI(frame,resFrame);
        msleep(1);
    }
}

#include "widget.h"
#include <QApplication>
 
int main(int arGC, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    Widget w;
    w.show();
 
    return a.exec();
}