如何使用Python编写可以抵御SQL注入攻击的Web应用程序

from flask import Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'mysql://username:password@localhost/db_name'
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
class User(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(256))
    email = db.Column(db.String(256))
@app.route('/user')
def get_user():
    user_id = request.args.get('user_id')
    # 显式的参数化查询
    user = db.session.query(User).filter_by(id=user_id).first()
    return jsonify({'name': user.name, 'email': user.email})

from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
from wtforms import StringField, SubmitField
from wtforms.validators import DataRequired, Email
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'secret_key'
class UserForm(FlaskForm):
    name = StringField('Name', validators=[DataRequired()])
    email = StringField('Email', validators=[DataRequired(), Email()])
    submit = SubmitField('Submit')
@app.route('/user', methods=['POST'])
def create_user():
    form = UserForm(request.form)
    if form.validate():
        name = form.name.data
        email = form.email.data
        # 执行ORM插入操作
        user = User(name=name, email=email)
        db.session.add(user)
        db.session.commit()
        return jsonify({'result': 'success'})
    else:
        return jsonify({'result': 'fail', 'errors': form.errors})