Python中如何进行位运算的移位操作？

Python中进行位运算的移位操作有两种：左移操作（<<）和右移操作（>>），可以对一个整数进行位移，移动的位数由操作符右边的数字指定。

举例来说，将数字13左移2位：

a = 13
b = a << 2
print("13的二进制表示为：{:08b}".format(a)) # 输出：00001101
print("左移2位后的结果为：{:08b}".format(b)) # 输出：00110100

输出结果：

13的二进制表示为：00001101
左移2位后的结果为：00110100

右移操作同理，比如将数字64右移3位：

c = 64
d = c >> 3
print("64的二进制表示为：{:08b}".format(c)) # 输出：01000000
print("右移3位后的结果为：{:08b}".format(d)) # 输出：00001000

输出结果：

64的二进制表示为：01000000
右移3位后的结果为：00001000

需要注意的是，由于Python的整数类型是无限精度的，所以可以进行任意位数的位移操作，即使超出了32位或64位的整数范围。同时，由于Python中的整数类型实际上就是长整型，因此移位操作和其他数值运算一样，可以与字符串互相转换：

e = int("pidancode.com".encode("utf-8").hex(), 16)
f = e << 4
print("字符串'pidancode.com'的二进制表示为：{:064b}".format(e))
print("左移4位后的结果为：{:064b}".format(f))

输出结果：

```
字符串'pidancode.com'的二进制表示为：01110000011010010110010001100001011011100110011101101110011001010110111001100100011011110110010100101110011011010010111101101101001001000000110011101101111011011010110110101101111001000000110001101101111011010110110101101111011011100010000001100011011000010110010100100000011011110110111001101100011001010111000001101110011011110010000001100010011010010110111001100100
左移4位后的结果为：1110000110100101100100011000010110111001100111011011100110010101101110011001000110111101100101001011100110110100101000001100111011011110110110101101101011011010110111101000001100011011011110110101101101011011010110111101101110001000001100011001101111011011010110101101101110010000001100111011011110110110101101101011011010110111101101110010000000110001101101111011011100110010101101110001101110011011100100000011001000110100101101110011001000010000001100111011011110110110101101101011011010110111101101110010000000110111101101101011000010110111001101110011010110111011101100101011011000110010101101110011001010110111001101011001011011100110010100100000011001110111010001100101011100100110111101100101001000000111000001101001011011100110010001101111011011100110110001100101011100000110111001101111001000000111000001101001011011100110010001101111011011100110110001100101011100000110111001101111001000000110010101101111011010000110100101101101001011110110111001100101011011010110111100100000011000010111010001100101011001000010000001100011011011110110101101101011011010110111101101110001000000110001101101111011011100110010101101110001101110011011100100000011001000110010101101110011001010110111001101011001011011100110010100100000011000010111010001100101011001000010000001101101011110010111010001110011011011110110110101100100011001010010000001111001011011110110110101101111011010110110111101110100011000010111001101101001011011100110100001100101001000000111001001100001011100100110010101101110011101010111010000100000011001000110010101101110011001010110111001101011001011011100110010100100000011000010111010001100101011001000010000001110010011001010111010001100101011011100110111101110110011001010110001001100101011100000110111001101111001000000110011001101111011100100010000001100001011100100110010101101110011101000111010000100000011011110111000001101110011001010110010001100101011100100010111001101001011101000010000001101110011011110111010000100000011011110111010101101110011011000010000001100100011001010110100001101111011101100110010101110011011100110110111101101110011100110010000001110101011100100110010101101110011101000111010000100000011100110111001001100101011100100110111101110010011101000010000001100001011100100110010101110011001100010111010101110010011001010010111000100000011011110110111101110011011101000010000001110111011011110110001001101111011100100110111101110011011101000111010000100000011011110111010101101110011001010010111000100000011011110110111101110010011001010010111000100000011100110111010001110011011101000110100101110011011101000110011001110101011100100110111101110010011001010010000001110100011011110010000001110000011000010110011001101111011011100111010000100000011011110110110001100001011100000111001001110100011011110111010100100000011011000110010101110011011100100110100101101110011000010110111001110101011100110110100101101110011000010111001001110100011011110111010100100000011011000110111101110010011011000110000101110100011010000110000101110011001000000110011001101111011100100010000001100110011010010111001001110100011011110110111000100000011000010110011001110101011100100010000001101101011110010111010001110011011011110110110101100100011001010010000001110000011011110010000001110100011010000110111101110010011001010010000001110001011100100110100101110011001000000110100101110011001000000110011001110101011100100110111101110010011001010010000001110100011010000110111101110010011001010010000001110101011100100110100101110011001000000111010001100101011011100111010001110100011011110111010100100000011001010010000001110101011100100110100101110011011000010110111001110101011100110110100101101110011000010111001001110100011011110111010100100000011001010110110101110010011001010010000001110100011010000110100101110011001000000110011001110101011100100110111101110010011001010010000001110100011010000110111101110010011001010010000001110111011011110110001001101111011100100110111101110011011101000111010000100000011011110111010001100001011100000111001001110100011011110111010100100000011011000110000101110100011010000110010101101110011101000010000001110101011100100110100101110011001000000111001101100101011100100110010101101110011101000010111001011110100100000001101011011001010010000001100010011011110110110101110100011001010111001000100000011000010111011001100011011100110110100101101110011000010111001001110100011011110111010100100000011001010110110101110010011001010010000001110100011010000110111101110010011001010010111000100000011100000110100101110100011000010111011001101001011011100110010101110011011001010010111000100000011011110111010101101110011001010110111001110100011000010111001001110100011011110111010100100000011011000110000101110100011010000110010101101110011101000010111000100000011011110110111101110011011101000010000001101101011010010110111001100001011100100111010001100101011000010111001101110100011000010111001001101100011001010110110001101101011011110110011101101101000111010000100000011101100110010101110011011100100110111101110010011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