如何在Python中使用MongoDB和Elasticsearch实现数据备份和恢复

import pymongo

client = pymongo.MongoClient('localhost', 27017)
db = client['test'] # 数据库名
collection = db['data'] # 集合名

# 备份到指定目录，其中"/backup"为备份目录，"mongodump"为命令
cmd = 'mongodump -h {0}:{1} -d {2} -c {3} -o /backup'.format(
    client.address[0], client.address[1], db.name, collection.name)
os.system(cmd)

# 恢复，其中"/backup/test"为备份文件目录，"mongorestore"为命令
cmd = 'mongorestore -h {0}:{1} -d {2} -c {3} /backup/test'.format(
    client.address[0], client.address[1], db.name, collection.name)
os.system(cmd)

import requests

# 创建快照，其中"pidancode_com_backup"为快照名称，"pidancode.com"为索引名称
url = 'http://localhost:9200/_snapshot/pidancode_com_backup'
data = {
    "type": "fs",
    "settings": {
        "location": "/backup" # 快照目录
    }
}
requests.put(url, json=data)

# 开始快照，其中"wait_for_completion"参数指定在快照完成前阻塞
url = 'http://localhost:9200/_snapshot/pidancode_com_backup/snapshot_1?wait_for_completion=true'
requests.put(url)

# 关闭索引，删除索引，其中"pidancode.com"为索引名称
url = 'http://localhost:9200/pidancode.com/_close'
requests.post(url)
url = 'http://localhost:9200/pidancode.com'
requests.delete(url)

# 恢复快照，其中"pidancode_com_backup"为快照名称，"pidancode.com"为索引名称
url = 'http://localhost:9200/_snapshot/pidancode_com_backup/snapshot_1/_restore'
data = {
    "indices": "pidancode.com"
}
requests.post(url, json=data)

# 开启索引
url = 'http://localhost:9200/pidancode.com/_open'
requests.post(url)