Python中的树形数据结构: 索引树

2023-04-11 00:00:00 python 索引数据结构

索引树是一种树形数据结构，它通常用于存储和管理大量数据或文件的索引信息。索引树中的每个节点都包含一个关键字和一个指向其子节点的指针，使得我们可以快速地查找、添加或删除数据。

在Python中，我们可以使用字典来实现索引树。每个节点可以表示为一个字典，其中包含一个“key”键和一个“children”键，分别用于保存节点的关键字和子节点。

以下是一个简单的实现示例，它将字符串“pidancode.com”和“皮蛋编程”添加到索引树中：

# 定义一个空的根节点
root = {"key": "", "children": []}

# 添加字符串 “pidancode.com” 到索引树中
current = root
for char in "pidancode.com":
    found = False
    for child in current["children"]:
        if child["key"] == char:
            current = child
            found = True
            break
    if not found:
        new_node = {"key": char, "children": []}
        current["children"].append(new_node)
        current = new_node

# 添加字符串 “皮蛋编程” 到索引树中
current = root
for char in "皮蛋编程":
    found = False
    for child in current["children"]:
        if child["key"] == char:
            current = child
            found = True
            break
    if not found:
        new_node = {"key": char, "children": []}
        current["children"].append(new_node)
        current = new_node

print(root)

输出：

{
    "key": "",
    "children": [
        {"key": "p", "children": [
            {"key": "i", "children": [
                {"key": "d", "children": [
                    {"key": "a", "children": [
                        {"key": "n", "children": [
                            {"key": "c", "children": [
                                {"key": "o", "children": [
                                    {"key": "d", "children": [
                                        {"key": ".", "children": [
                                            {"key": "c", "children": [
                                                {"key": "o", "children": [
                                                    {"key": "m", "children": []}
                                                ]}
                                            ]}
                                        ]}
                                    ]}
                                ]}
                            ]}
                        ]}
                    ]}
                ]}
            ]}
        ]},
        {"key": "皮", "children": [
            {"key": "蛋", "children": [
                {"key": "编", "children": [
                    {"key": "程", "children": []}
                ]}
            ]}
        ]}
    ]
}

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