如何在PHP中处理IPv6地址？

仔细搜索之后，我注意到PHP中稍微缺少处理IPv6的函数。为了个人满意，我创建了几个函数来帮助过渡。

IPv6ToLong()函数是这里提出的解决方案的临时解决方案：How to store IPv6-compatible address in a relational database。它会将IP拆分为两个整数，并以数组形式返回它们。

/**
 * Convert an IPv4 address to IPv6
 *
 * @param string IP Address in dot notation (192.168.1.100)
 * @return string IPv6 formatted address or false if invalid input
 */
function IPv4To6($Ip) {
    static $Mask = '::ffff:'; // This tells IPv6 it has an IPv4 address
    $IPv6 = (strpos($Ip, '::') === 0);
    $IPv4 = (strpos($Ip, '.') > 0);

    if (!$IPv4 && !$IPv6) return false;
    if ($IPv6 && $IPv4) $Ip = substr($Ip, strrpos($Ip, ':')+1); // Strip IPv4 Compatibility notation
    elseif (!$IPv4) return $Ip; // Seems to be IPv6 already?
    $Ip = array_pad(explode('.', $Ip), 4, 0);
    if (count($Ip) > 4) return false;
    for ($i = 0; $i < 4; $i++) if ($Ip[$i] > 255) return false;

    $Part7 = base_convert(($Ip[0] * 256) + $Ip[1], 10, 16);
    $Part8 = base_convert(($Ip[2] * 256) + $Ip[3], 10, 16);
    return $Mask.$Part7.':'.$Part8;
}

/**
 * Replace '::' with appropriate number of ':0'
 */
function ExpandIPv6Notation($Ip) {
    if (strpos($Ip, '::') !== false)
        $Ip = str_replace('::', str_repeat(':0', 8 - substr_count($Ip, ':')).':', $Ip);
    if (strpos($Ip, ':') === 0) $Ip = '0'.$Ip;
    return $Ip;
}

/**
 * Convert IPv6 address to an integer
 *
 * Optionally split in to two parts.
 *
 * @see https://stackoverflow.com/questions/420680/
 */
function IPv6ToLong($Ip, $DatabaseParts= 2) {
    $Ip = ExpandIPv6Notation($Ip);
    $Parts = explode(':', $Ip);
    $Ip = array('', '');
    for ($i = 0; $i < 4; $i++) $Ip[0] .= str_pad(base_convert($Parts[$i], 16, 2), 16, 0, STR_PAD_LEFT);
    for ($i = 4; $i < 8; $i++) $Ip[1] .= str_pad(base_convert($Parts[$i], 16, 2), 16, 0, STR_PAD_LEFT);

    if ($DatabaseParts == 2)
            return array(base_convert($Ip[0], 2, 10), base_convert($Ip[1], 2, 10));
    else    return base_convert($Ip[0], 2, 10) + base_convert($Ip[1], 2, 10);
}

对于这些函数，我通常首先调用此函数来实现它们：

/**
 * Attempt to find the client's IP Address
 *
 * @param bool Should the IP be converted using ip2long?
 * @return string|long The IP Address
 */
function GetRealRemoteIp($ForDatabase= false, $DatabaseParts= 2) {
    $Ip = '0.0.0.0';
    // [snip: deleted some dangerous code not relevant to question. @webb]
    if (isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']) && $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] != '')
        $Ip = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
    if (($CommaPos = strpos($Ip, ',')) > 0)
        $Ip = substr($Ip, 0, ($CommaPos - 1));

    $Ip = IPv4To6($Ip);
    return ($ForDatabase ? IPv6ToLong($Ip, $DatabaseParts) : $Ip);
}

请谁告诉我是我在这里重新发明轮子，还是我做错了什么。

此实现将IPv4转换为IPv6。它未触及的任何IPv6地址。

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解决方案

inet_ntop()怎么样？然后，您只需使用varbinary(16)来存储它，而不是将其切成整数。