MSSQL读写分离:实现高效数据访问(mssql读写分离原理)

2023-04-20 19:47:54 高效 读写 分离

MSSQL读写分离功能是指把MSSQL数据库中的读写操作分开,用一组读数据库服务器和一组写数据库服务器独立完成。MSSQL读写分离有助于改善数据库的性能,可以使读取和写入数据库得到有效分离,极大提升数据存取效率。

MSSQL读写分离实现主要分以下几个步骤:

1. 创建只读复制,只读复制是一组读服务器的集合,它们保持主服务器的一致性,并能够进行数据的读取操作,但不能进行写入操作。

2. 将应用程序或网站设置为只读负载均衡,让应用程序或网站可以在多个只读服务器上实现负载均衡,提高数据查询的效率。

3. 配置主服务器只接受更新请求。一般情况下,除只读复制的多个服务器,就只需要一台主服务器来接受写操作,比如插入、更新和删除操作,以减轻主服务器的负担。

4. 配置主服务器的更新参数,通过配置更新参数,可以确保更新操作在主服务器上被正确处理,而多余的更新操作不会影响主库。

实现MSSQL读写分离后,我们可以得到更强大的数据处理能力,而且能够极大提高应用程序的效率。如果需要使用读写分离,那么可以使用下面的代码实现:

–Download the Microsoft Data Access Components(MDAC)

–Create a new Read Write server

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USE [master]

GO

CREATE AVAILABILITY GROUP [ReadWriteGroup]

WITH (AUTOMATED_BACKUP_PREFERENCE = SECONDARY, HEALTH_CHECK_TIMEOUT = 30 )

FOR REPLICA ON

N’ReadWriteServer’

WITH (ENDPOINT_URL = N’TCP://ReadWriteServer:1433′, FAILOVER_MODE = MANUAL,

AVAILABILITY_MODE=SYNCHRONOUS_COMMIT, SEEDING_MODE = AUTOMATIC, BACKUP_PRIORITY = 50, SECONDARY_ROLE(ALLOW_CONNECTIONS = NO));

GO

–Create a new Read Only server

USE [master]

GO

CREATE AVAILABILITY GROUP [ReadOnlyGroup]

WITH (AUTOMATED_BACKUP_PREFERENCE = SECONDARY, HEALTH_CHECK_TIMEOUT = 30 )

FOR REPLICA ON

N’ReadOnlyServer’

WITH (ENDPOINT_URL = N’TCP://ReadOnlyServer:1433′, FAILOVER_MODE = MANUAL,

AVAILABILITY_MODE = SYNCHRONOUS_COMMIT, SEEDING_MODE = AUTOMATIC, BACKUP_PRIORITY = 50, SECONDARY_ROLE(ALLOW_CONNECTIONS = YES));

GO

–Create the Primary replica

USE master

GO

ALTER AVAILABILITY GROUP [ReadWriteGroup]

SET (PRIMARY_ROLE (READ_ONLY_ALLOWED = NO))

GO

–Create the Secondary replica

USE master

GO

ALTER AVAILABILITY GROUP [ReadOnlyGroup]

SET (PRIMARY_ROLE (READ_ONLY_ALLOWED = YES))

GO

–Synchronize the availability group

USE master

GO

ALTER AVAILABILITY GROUP [ReadWriteGroup]

JOIN

GO

ALTER AVAILABILITY GROUP [ReadOnlyGroup]

JOIN

GO

–Create the routing list

USE master

GO

ALTER AVAILABILITY GROUP [ReadWriteGroup]

ADD

REPLICA ON ‘ReadWriteServer’

WITH (AVAILABILITY_MODE = SYNCHRONOUS_COMMIT)

GO

ALTER AVAILABILITY GROUP [ReadWriteGroup]

ADD

REPLICA ON ‘ReadOnlyServer’

WITH (AVAILABILITY_MODE = ASYNCHRONOUS_COMMIT)

GO

–Create the listener

USE master

GO

CREATE AVAILABILITY GROUP LISTENER [ReadWriteListener]

WITH (

DNS_NAME = N’readwritelistener.domain.com’,

PORT = 1433,

AVAILABILITY_GROUP = N’ReadWriteGroup’

)

GO

使用上述步骤,就可以实现MSSQL读写分离,从而极大地提高数据处理的效率。

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