来自KMeans&Quot;的3D散点图图例错误找不到要放入图例中的标签的句柄

2022-04-25 00:00:00 python scatter3d legend k-means

问题描述

我为用于RFM分析的KMeans模型绘制了3D散点图。我使用了KMeans模型标签来表示"颜色"组。 当我使用Legend()时,它弹出一个错误,"找不到带标签的句柄放入图例"

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D     
%matplotlib notebook     

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))     
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')      

xs = RFM['Recency'].dt.days      
ys = RFM['Frequency']      
zs = RFM['Value']      
ax.scatter(xs, ys, zs, s=50, alpha=0.6, c=final_model.labels_, cmap='rainbow')      

ax.set_xlabel('Recency(days)')      
ax.set_ylabel('Frequency')      
ax.set_zlabel('Value')      

ax.legend()      

解决方案

您代码的问题是您没有为散乱的点提供任何label,因此没有理由legend可以工作。

按照matplotlib网站上的Scatter plots with a legend教程,下面的代码使用三个"类"随机化数据,并用图例绘制它们:

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

xs = np.random.normal(0, 1, (20,))
ys = np.random.normal(0, 1, (20,))
zs = np.random.normal(0, 1, (20,))

labels = np.random.choice(["First", "Second", "Third"], (20,))

for lbl in np.unique(labels):
    indices = np.where(labels == lbl)
    x = xs[indices]
    y = ys[indices]
    z = zs[indices]
    print(x,y,z,lbl)
    ax.scatter(x, y, z, s=50, alpha=0.6, label=str(lbl), cmap='rainbow')

ax.legend()

plt.show()

结果为:

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