如何在CentOS/RHEL系统上生成补丁合规报告的Bash脚本
如何在CentOS/RHEL系统上生成补丁合规报告的Bash脚本
在CentOS/RHEL系统上,通常使用yum或dnf命令来管理软件包。这些命令可以自动处理软件包依赖关系,并且还可以从多个软件源中查找软件包。
在这些系统上,软件包通常是通过RPM包管理器进行管理的。RPM包管理器是一个强大的工具,可以跟踪软件包的安装,卸载,依赖关系等等。
为了生成补丁合规性报告,需要使用rpm命令来检查系统上安装的软件包的版本。
首先,使用rpm命令来查找系统上安装的软件包:
rpm -qa
这个命令会列出系统上所有安装的软件包。
然后,使用rpm命令来查找特定软件包的版本:
rpm -qi
这个命令会显示特定软件包的详细信息,其中包括版本号。
最后,使用rpm命令来查找特定软件包的更新信息:
rpm -q --changelog
这个命令会显示特定软件包的更新日志,其中包括版本号。
要生成补丁合规性报告,需要收集上述信息,并将其格式化为报告。
下面是一个简单的Bash脚本,可以用来生成补丁合规性报告:
#!/bin/bash
# This script generates a patch compliance report
# in CSV format.
#
# The output of this script can be redirected to a file,
# for example:
#
# ./patch-compliance-report.sh > patch-compliance-report.csv
#
# The generated CSV file can be opened in a spreadsheet
# application for further analysis.
#
# This script was tested on CentOS 7.
#
# Author: Danila Vershinin
#
# Date: May 30, 2019
#
# License: MIT
#
# This script uses the following commands:
# - rpm
# - grep
# - cut
# - tr
#
# This script uses the following environment variables:
# - RPM_QA
# - RPM_QI
# - RPM_Q_CHANGELOG
#
# This script uses the following Bash built-in commands:
# - declare
# - printf
# - read
#
# This script uses the following Bash built-in variables:
# - IFS
# Set the internal field separator to a newline character.
# This is necessary to process the output of the rpm command properly.
IFS='
'
# Declare variables.
declare -r SCRIPT_NAME="$(basename "$0")"
declare -r RPM_QA="rpm -qa"
declare -r RPM_QI="rpm -qi"
declare -r RPM_Q_CHANGELOG="rpm -q --changelog"
# Print the CSV header.
printf "Package,Version,Release,Update\
"
# Get the list of installed packages.
for package in $("$RPM_QA"); do
# Get the package name and version.
# The version is in the format
# The release is the part after the dash.
package_name="$(echo "$package" | cut -d '-' -f 1)"
package_version_release="$(echo "$package" | cut -d '-' -f 2)"
# Get the package version.
# The version is the part before the dash.
package_version="$(echo "$package_version_release" | cut -d '-' -f 1)"
# Get the package release.
# The release is the part after the dash.
package_release="$(echo "$package_version_release" | cut -d '-' -f 2)"
# Get the package update.
# The update is the part after the dash.
package_update="$("$RPM_Q_CHANGELOG" "$package" | grep -m 1 -E '^\-\-' | cut -d ' ' -f 3-)"
# Print the CSV row.
printf "%s,%s,%s,%s\
" "$package_name" "$package_version" "$package_release" "$package_update"
done
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