PHP 中的 getenv() 与 $_ENV

2022-01-15 00:00:00 environment-variables php

getenv() 和 $_ENV 有什么区别?

使用两者之间有什么权衡吗?

Any trade-offs between using either?

我注意到有时 getenv() 可以满足我的需要，而 $_ENV 却不能(例如 HOME).

I noticed sometimes getenv() gives me what I need, while $_ENV does not (such as HOME).

推荐答案

根据php关于 getenv 的文档，它们完全相同，只是 getenv 在不区分大小写的文件系统(如 Windows)上运行时会以不区分大小写的方式查找变量.在 Linux 主机上，它仍然区分大小写.大多数时候这可能无关紧要，但文档中的一条评论解释道:

According to the php documentation about getenv, they are exactly the same, except that getenv will look for the variable in a case-insensitive manner when running on case-insensitive file systems (like Windows). On Linux hosts it still works as case-sensitive. Most of the time it probably doesn't matter, but one of the comments on the documentation explains:

例如在 Windows 上 $_SERVER['Path'] 就像你看到的那样，第一个字母大写，而不是你可能期望的 'PATH'.

For example on Windows $_SERVER['Path'] is like you see, with the first letter capitalized, not 'PATH' as you might expect.

因此，我可能会选择使用 getenv 来改善跨平台行为，除非您确定要检索的环境变量的大小写.

Because of that, I would probably opt to use getenv to improve cross-platform behavior, unless you are certain about the casing of the environment variable you are trying to retrieve.

Steve Clay 在此答案中的评论突出了另一个区别:

Steve Clay's comment in this answer highlights another difference:

新增getenv() 优点:访问前无需检查isset/empty.getenv() 不会发出通知.

Added getenv() advantage: you don't need to check isset/empty before access. getenv() won't emit notices.

相关文章