使用 PHP 包含分隔网站内容
我正在寻求有关将站点内容分成逻辑块的最佳实践的建议.我想要一个在整个站点中保持不变的页眉和页脚，这样如果我有几个不同内容的页面，它们都会如下所示——对页眉和页脚所做的更改然后自动更新，而我不必更改每个单独的页面.
<身体><p>页面内容在此</p>header.php 将包含开头的 、 和静态内容，以及 footer.php 将包含任何额外的静态内容和结束 </html> 标签.所以，我的问题是:这是一个好方法吗?我担心将 标签散布在多个文件中是不好的做法.如果是这样，处理这种设计的正确方法是什么?
不，你的方法是错误的.
以下是您设计中的主要缺陷:
每个人都必须牢记的主要规则:
在所有数据准备就绪之前，不必将任何字符发送到浏览器中.
为什么?
HTTP header.有时我们必须发送它们.如果您已经发送了华丽的 HTML 标头，这是不可能的.</code> 标签.这不是很常见的事情吗?但是如果不使用模板，你就无法做到.</li></ul><p>因此，您必须拥有一个包含页眉和页脚的通用站点模板，以及每个 php 脚本的专用模板.</p><p>一个示例布局将是这样的:</p><p>.1.页面本身.</p><p>它什么都不输出，但只收集所需的数据并调用模板:</p><pre><code><?php//包括我们的设置，连接到数据库等.包括目录名($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']).'/cfg/settings.php';//获取需要的数据$DATA=dbgetarr("SELECT * FROM links");$pagetitle = "朋友网站的链接";//等等//然后调用一个模板:$tpl = "links.tpl.php";包括template.php"；?></code></pre><p>.2.<code>template.php</code> 这是您的主要站点模板，</p><p>由页眉和页脚组成:</p><pre><code><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><头><title>我的网站.<?=$pagetitle?></title></头部><身体><div id="页面"><?php 包含 $tpl ?><p></body></html></code></pre><p>.3.最后 <code>links.tpl.php</code> 是实际的页面模板:</p><pre><code><h2><?=$pagetitle?></h2><ul><?php foreach($DATA as $row): ?><li><a href="<?=$row['link']?>"target="_blank"><?=$row['name']?></a></li><?php endforeach ?><ul></code></pre><p>简单、干净且易于维护.</p><p>I'm looking for advice on the best practice for separating site content up into logical blocks. I want a header and footer that are constant throughout the site, so that if I have several pages of different content, they will all look as below — changes made to the header and footer then update automatically without me having to change each individual page.</p><pre><code><?php
include 'header.php';
?>
<body>
<p>page content here</p>
</body>
<?
include 'footer.php';
?>
</code></pre><p>The <code>header.php</code> would contain the opening <code><html></code>, <code><head></code> and static content, and the <code>footer.php</code> would contain any extra static content and the closing <code></html></code> tag. So, my question is: Is this a good approach? I'm worried that spreading the <code><html></code> tags across multiple files is bad practice. If so, what is the right way to approach this kind of design?</p> 解决方案 <p>Nope, your approach is wrong.<br>
Here are main faults in your design:</p><ol>
<li>You're assuming that header.php would be called on the every page call. That's wrong.</li>
<li>You're assuming that header.php will always be static. That's wrong. </li>
<li>You forgot to create a template for the page itself.</li>
</ol><p>The main rule everyone have to learn by heart:</p>
<p>Not a single character has to be sent into browser, until all data gets ready.</p>
<p>Why?</p>
<ul>
<li>it's 2011 today. AJAX era. What if your code will have to send JSONed data instead of whole HTML page? </li>
<li>there is a thing called <code>HTTP header</code>. Sometimes we have to send them. And it's gets impossible if you already have your ornate HTML header sent.</li>
<li>it's for just 4-page site. Okay. Imagine you've got lucky and got a request for another 4-page site. You will have to change only templates and don't touch engine files. That's really great benefit.</li>
<li>Imagine you're going to make a custom <code><title></code> tag for your pages, based on the page content. Isn't it extremely common thing? But you can't make it without using templates. </li>
</ul>
<p>So, you have to have one common site template containing header and footer and also dedicated templates for the every php script.</p>
<p>An example layout is going to be like this:</p>
<p>.1. page itself. </p>
<p>it outputs nothing but only gather required data and calls a template:</p><pre><code><?php
//include our settings, connect to database etc.
include dirname($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']).'/cfg/settings.php';
//getting required data
$DATA=dbgetarr("SELECT * FROM links");
$pagetitle = "Links to friend sites";
//etc
//and then call a template:
$tpl = "links.tpl.php";
include "template.php";
?>
</code></pre><p>.2. <code>template.php</code> which is your main site template, </p>
<p>consists of your header and footer:</p><pre><code><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>My site. <?=$pagetitle?></title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="page">
<?php include $tpl ?>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</code></pre><p>.3. and finally <code>links.tpl.php</code> is the actual page template:</p><pre><code><h2><?=$pagetitle?></h2>
<ul>
<?php foreach($DATA as $row): ?>
<li><a href="<?=$row['link']?>" target="_blank"><?=$row['name']?></a></li>
<?php endforeach ?>
<ul>
</code></pre><p>easy, clean and maintainable.</p>
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