初始化高维稀疏矩阵
问题描述
我希望使用sklearn
初始化300,000 x 300,0000
稀疏矩阵,但它需要内存,就像它不是稀疏矩阵一样:
>>> from scipy import sparse
>>> sparse.rand(300000,300000,.1)
它显示错误:
MemoryError: Unable to allocate 671. GiB for an array with shape (300000, 300000) and data type float64
这与我使用numpy
进行初始化时的错误相同:
np.random.normal(size=[300000, 300000])
即使我的密度非常低,它也会重现错误:
>>> from scipy import sparse
>>> from scipy import sparse
>>> sparse.rand(300000,300000,.000000000001)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File ".../python3.8/site-packages/scipy/sparse/construct.py", line 842, in rand
return random(m, n, density, format, dtype, random_state)
File ".../lib/python3.8/site-packages/scipy/sparse/construct.py", line 788, in random
ind = random_state.choice(mn, size=k, replace=False)
File "mtrand.pyx", line 980, in numpy.random.mtrand.RandomState.choice
File "mtrand.pyx", line 4528, in numpy.random.mtrand.RandomState.permutation
MemoryError: Unable to allocate 671. GiB for an array with shape (90000000000,) and data type int64
有没有更省内存的方法来创建这样的稀疏矩阵?
解决方案
只生成您需要的内容。
from scipy import sparse
import numpy as np
n, m = 300000, 300000
density = 0.00000001
size = int(n * m * density)
rows = np.random.randint(0, n, size=size)
cols = np.random.randint(0, m, size=size)
data = np.random.rand(size)
arr = sparse.csr_matrix((data, (rows, cols)), shape=(n, m))
这使您可以构建怪物稀疏数组,前提是它们足够稀疏,可以放入内存中。
>>> arr
<300000x300000 sparse matrix of type '<class 'numpy.float64'>'
with 900 stored elements in Compressed Sparse Row format>
这可能就是parse.rand构造函数无论如何都应该工作的方式。如果任何行、列对发生冲突,它会将数据值相加在一起,这可能适用于我能想到的所有应用程序。
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