启动H2数据库时,Hibernate生成Drop Constraint错误的Spring Boot

2022-04-08 00:00:00 spring java h2 Hibernate jpa

我使用的是SpringBoot,并有一个这样配置的H2数据库(在应用程序.properties中)。

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:AZ;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE
spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=
spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect

在日志中,我看到以下错误:

o.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper  : HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [
        name: default
        ...]
org.hibernate.Version                    : HHH000412: Hibernate Core {4.3.5.Final}
org.hibernate.cfg.Environment            : HHH000206: hibernate.properties not found
org.hibernate.cfg.Environment            : HHH000021: Bytecode provider name : javassist
o.hibernate.annotations.common.Version   : HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {4.0.4.Final}
org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect            : HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect
o.h.h.i.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory    : HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory
org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport  : HHH000227: Running hbm2ddl schema export
org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport  : HHH000389: Unsuccessful: alter table key_request drop constraint FK_53shrbc21c25inskpp1yoxxss if exists
org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport  : Table "KEY_REQUEST" not found; SQL statement:
    alter table key_request drop constraint FK_53shrbc21c25inskpp1yoxxss if exists [42102-178]

即使Hibernate将这些报告为错误,我也可以登录到H2控制台并查看约束,它们看起来很好。

SELECT TABLE_NAME, INDEX_NAME, COLUMN_NAME, INDEX_TYPE_NAME FROM information_schema.indexes WHERE TABLE_NAME='KEY_REQUEST';
TABLE_NAME    INDEX_NAME                            COLUMN_NAME  INDEX_TYPE_NAME  
KEY_REQUEST   PRIMARY_KEY_F                         REQUEST_ID   PRIMARY KEY
KEY_REQUEST   FK_53SHRBC21C25INSKPP1YOXXSS_INDEX_F  USER_ID      INDEX

如果真的看起来Hibernate在实际创建数据库之前尝试删除这些约束(即Hibernate中的某种错误)。 有没有办法避免这些错误堵塞日志,或者是否表明某个地方出现了真正的故障?

更新%1

正在尝试使用此设置强制应用程序仅执行更新:

spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update

导致以下错误(所有其他错误消失):

org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate  : HHH000388: Unsuccessful: alter table lti_result add constraint FK_1cnh9amy5br8owkmafsrth3as foreign key (result_id) references lti_link
org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate  : Constraint "FK_1CNH9AMY5BR8OWKMAFSRTH3AS" already exists; SQL statement: 
    alter table lti_result add constraint FK_1cnh9amy5br8owkmafsrth3as foreign key (result_id) references lti_link [90045-178]

注意:来源在这里:https://github.com/azeckoski/lti_starter

具体地说,配置: https://github.com/azeckoski/lti_starter/blob/master/src/main/resources/application.properties

和模型: https://github.com/azeckoski/lti_starter/tree/master/src/main/java/ltistarter/model


解决方案

因为您使用的是内存数据库,所以Hibernate在执行时不会找到任何表:

hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create-drop

这是因为语句顺序是:

  • 删除约束(FK)
  • 拖放表
  • 创建表
  • 创建约束(FK)

    Query:{[alter table tableIdentifier drop constraint FK_202gbutq8qbxk0chvcpjsv6vn][]} 
    ERROR [main]: o.h.t.h.SchemaExport - HHH000389: Unsuccessful: alter table tableIdentifier drop constraint FK_202gbutq8qbxk0chvcpjsv6vn
    ERROR [main]: o.h.t.h.SchemaExport - user lacks privilege or object not found: PUBLIC.TABLEIDENTIFIER
    Query:{[drop table sequenceIdentifier if exists][]} 
    Query:{[drop table tableIdentifier if exists][]} 
    Query:{[create table sequenceIdentifier (id bigint not null, primary key (id))][]} 
    Query:{[create table tableIdentifier (id bigint not null, sequenceIdentifier_id bigint, primary key (id))][]} 
    Query:{[alter table tableIdentifier add constraint FK_202gbutq8qbxk0chvcpjsv6vn foreign key (sequenceIdentifier_id) references sequenceIdentifier][]} 
    Query:{[create sequence hibernate_sequence start with 1 increment by 1][]} 
    

您可以通过将hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto更改为更新来修复此问题:

hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update

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