Java邮件无法使用TLS或SSL连接到SMTP

0

我正在尝试从Java连接到邮件服务器。我已经能够使用相同的代码成功地从Java连接到许多邮件服务器，包括Gmail、Rackspace、GoPardy和其他，但无论我尝试什么设置，这个都不起作用。

    props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
    props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true");
    props.put("mail.smtp.host", this.outgoingHost);
    props.put("mail.smtp.port", 587);
    props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.trust", this.outgoingHost);
    session = Session.getInstance(props, new javax.mail.Authenticator() {
        protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
            return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password);
        }
    });

出现以下错误：javax.mail.MessagingException：无法将套接字转换为TLS；嵌套异常为：javax.net.ssl.SSLException：无法识别的SSL消息，是否为明文连接？

我也试过了

    props.put("mail.smtp.host", this.outgoingHost);
    props.put("mail.smtp.port", 587);
    props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", 587);
    props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");
    props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
    props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.trust", this.outgoingHost);
    session = Session.getInstance(props, new javax.mail.Authenticator() {
        protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
            return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password);
        }
    });

失败，错误为：javax.mail.SendFailedException：地址无效；嵌套异常为：com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPAddressFailedException：端口587上的邮件提交需要550 SMTP身份验证

我也尝试了端口465，但超时。

我能够使用相同的SMTP设置从雷鸟电子邮件客户端(相同的主机/端口/用户/PW，但它必须执行其他操作)发送邮件。

使用Java Mail 1.51

有什么想法吗？

---

解决方案

当您使用SSL时(smtps)，您不使用STARTTLS(msa)，反之亦然。SSL默认为端口465，TLS默认为端口587。您可能还必须使用mail.smtp.ssl.protocols或mail.smtps.ssl.protocols设置SSL协议，以指定将为SSL/TLS连接启用的SSL协议。最好避免覆盖PasswordAuthentication发送凭据，使用SMTPTransportconnect方法。同样重要的是，对于SSL，您必须使用smtpsformail.transport.protocol，并使用mail.smtps道具而不是mail.smtp。我将提供关于SSL和TLS的示例。

您可以使用session.setDebug(true)或props.put("mail.debug", "true")在控制台中调试并查看整个通信；这将非常有帮助，因为您将看到与服务器的整个telnet通信。

使用TLS(STARTTLS)587：

// Set debug so we see the whole communication with the server
props.put("mail.debug", "true");

props.put("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
props.put("mail.host", outgoingHost);
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
props.put("mail.smtp.port", "587");

// Enable STARTTLS
props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true");

// Accept only TLS 1.1 and 1.2
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.ssl.protocols", "TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2");

Session session = Session.getInstance(props, null);
session.setDebug(true);

// Create an SMTP transport from the session
SMTPTransport t = (SMTPTransport)session.getTransport("smtp");

// Connect to the server using credentials
t.connect(outgoingHost, username, password);

// Send the message
t.sendMessage(msg, msg.getAllRecipients());

使用STARTTLS：

的调试输出示例

^{注意传输协议是smtp}

DEBUG: JavaMail version 1.5.1
...
DEBUG: setDebug: JavaMail version 1.5.1
DEBUG: getProvider() returning javax.mail.Provider[TRANSPORT,smtp,com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport,Oracle]
DEBUG SMTP: useEhlo true, useAuth true
DEBUG SMTP: trying to connect to host "mail.example.com", port 587, isSSL false
220-srv.example.com ESMTP Exim 4.92 #2 Wed, 18 Mar 2020 15:55:56 +0200 
220-We do not authorize the use of this system to transport unsolicited, 
220 and/or bulk e-mail.
DEBUG SMTP: connected to host "mail.example.com", port: 587

EHLO host.docker.internal
250-srv.example.com Hello ppp.home.provider.com [x.x.x.x]
250-8BITMIME
250-PIPELINING
250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN
250-STARTTLS
250 HELP
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "SIZE", arg "52428800"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "8BITMIME", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "PIPELINING", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "AUTH", arg "PLAIN LOGIN"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "STARTTLS", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "HELP", arg ""
STARTTLS
220 TLS go ahead
EHLO host.docker.internal
250-srv.example.com Hello ppp.home.provider.com [x.x.x.x]
250-SIZE 52428800
250-8BITMIME
250-PIPELINING
250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN
250 HELP
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "SIZE", arg "52428800"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "8BITMIME", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "PIPELINING", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "AUTH", arg "PLAIN LOGIN"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "HELP", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Attempt to authenticate using mechanisms: LOGIN PLAIN DIGEST-MD5 NTLM 
DEBUG SMTP: AUTH LOGIN command trace suppressed
DEBUG SMTP: AUTH LOGIN succeeded
DEBUG SMTP: use8bit false
MAIL FROM:<user@example.com>
250 OK
RCPT TO:<otheruser@mail.com>
250 Accepted
DEBUG SMTP: Verified Addresses
DEBUG SMTP:   otheruser@mail.com
DATA
354 Enter message, ending with "." on a line by itself
Date: Wed, 18 Mar 2020 15:55:57 +0200 (EET)
From: user@example.com
To: otheruser@mail.com
Message-ID: <1899073220.0.1584539759931.JavaMail.user@mail.example.com>
Subject: Test from JAVA!
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: smtpsend

Message from the JAVA app STARTTLS!
.
250 OK id=1jEZAt-009Y7x-5Z
Response: 250 OK id=1jEZAt-009Y7x-5Z

QUIT
221 srv.example.com closing connection

使用SSL465：

// Set debug so we see the whole communication with the server
props.put("mail.debug", "true");

// All mail props for protocol will be mail.smtps

// We set smtps transport protocol for SSL
props.put("mail.transport.protocol", "smtps");
props.put("mail.host", outgoingHost);
props.put("mail.smtps.auth", "true");
props.put("mail.smtps.port", "465");
props.put("mail.smtps.ssl.trust", outgoingHost);
props.put("mail.smtps.ssl.enable", "true");

// Accept only TLS 1.1 and 1.2
props.setProperty("mail.smtps.ssl.protocols", "TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2");

Session session = Session.getInstance(props, null);
session.setDebug(true);

// Create an SMTP transport from the session
SMTPTransport t = (SMTPTransport)session.getTransport("smtps");

// Connect to the server using credentials
t.connect(outgoingHost, username, password);

// Send the message
t.sendMessage(msg, msg.getAllRecipients());

使用SSL的调试输出示例：

^{请注意，传输协议是smtps}

DEBUG: JavaMail version 1.5.1
...
DEBUG: setDebug: JavaMail version 1.5.1
DEBUG: getProvider() returning javax.mail.Provider[TRANSPORT,smtps,com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPSSLTransport,Oracle]
DEBUG SMTP: useEhlo true, useAuth true
DEBUG SMTP: trying to connect to host "mail.example.com", port 465, isSSL true
220-srv.example.com ESMTP Exim 4.92 #2 Wed, 18 Mar 2020 16:09:51 +0200 
220-We do not authorize the use of this system to transport unsolicited, 
220 and/or bulk e-mail.
DEBUG SMTP: connected to host "mail.example.com", port: 465

EHLO host.docker.internal
250-srv.example.com Hello ppp.home.provider.com [x.x.x.x]
250-SIZE 52428800
250-8BITMIME
250-PIPELINING
250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN
250 HELP
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "SIZE", arg "52428800"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "8BITMIME", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "PIPELINING", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "AUTH", arg "PLAIN LOGIN"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "HELP", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Attempt to authenticate using mechanisms: LOGIN PLAIN DIGEST-MD5 NTLM 
DEBUG SMTP: AUTH LOGIN command trace suppressed
DEBUG SMTP: AUTH LOGIN succeeded
DEBUG SMTP: use8bit false
MAIL FROM:<user@example.com>
250 OK
RCPT TO:<otheruser@mail.com>
250 Accepted
DEBUG SMTP: Verified Addresses
DEBUG SMTP:   otheruser@mail.com
DATA
354 Enter message, ending with "." on a line by itself
Date: Wed, 18 Mar 2020 16:09:50 +0200 (EET)
From: user@example.com
To: otheruser@mail.com
Message-ID: <1620303253.0.1584540592904.JavaMail.user@mail.example.com>
Subject: Test from JAVA!
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Mailer: smtpsend

Message from the JAVA app SSL!
.
250 OK id=1jEZOK-009bbA-5C
Response: 250 OK id=1jEZOK-009bbA-5C

QUIT
221 srv.example.com closing connection