Python OpenPYXL空白单元格条件格式

问题描述

我在设置空白单元格格式时遇到问题。 我的代码是

import setting_prices
import pandas as pd
from openpyxl import Workbook, load_workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Color, PatternFill, Font, Border
from openpyxl.styles.differential import DifferentialStyle
from openpyxl.formatting.rule import ColorScaleRule, CellIsRule, FormulaRule
import os
from datetime import datetime


def load_file_apply_format():

    wb = load_workbook(filename)
    writer = pd.ExcelWriter(filename, engine='openpyxl')
    writer.book = wb
    prices.to_excel(writer, sheet_name=today_as_str)
    ws = wb[today_as_str]

    redFill = PatternFill(start_color='EE1111',
                              end_color='EE1111',
                              fill_type='solid')
    # whiteFill = PatternFill(start_color='FFFFFF',
    #                           end_color='FFFFFF',
    #                           fill_type='solid')


    ws.conditional_formatting.add('B2:H99',
                                      CellIsRule(operator='lessThan',
                                                 formula=['$I2'],
                                                 stopIfTrue=False, fill=redFill))
    

    writer.save()


prices = setting_prices.df

today_as_str = datetime.strftime(datetime.now(), ' %d_%m_%y')
desktop_path = os.path.expanduser("~/Desktop")

filename = 'price_check.xlsx'


if os.path.exists(filename):
    load_file_apply_format()
else:
    prices.to_excel(filename, sheet_name=today_as_str)
    load_file_apply_format()

我的公式运行得很好,但Excel将空白单元格视为0,因此它们始终小于第I列,并对它们进行格式化。我想跳过空白单元格,或将其格式设置为与常规单元格类似。

我几乎尝试了论坛中的所有建议,但似乎无法解决它。

请给我一些建议。

@Greg使用答案:

   ws.conditional_formatting.add('B2:H99',
                                  CellIsRule(operator='between',
                                             formula=['1', '$I2'],
                                             stopIfTrue=False, fill=redFill))

导致形成从==到‘i’列的单元格,这是我想要避免的。如果"I"列中的单元格为空,则"BETWING"表示将格式设置为所有空白单元格。

Example picture

例如: ProductA的所有单元格必须为默认格式,因为它们等于列‘i’中的单元格。 对于productB,唯一带格式的单元格必须是G3,因为小于I3productC的所有单元格都必须为默认格式,因为i中的单元格为空。

我想,如果我用我的格式代码来表示less Then,而用另一个公式表示空格,就可以完成这项工作。但我没能让它起作用。


解决方案

我设法用Try/Error方法修复了问题。 我会在这里发布我的解决方案,希望有人会发现它是有用的。 最终结果由:

  1. 将行中的所有单元格放置到列表中
  2. 将列表中的所有值与所需值进行比较
  3. 如果单元格较低->;应用格式

最终代码为:

import ...



def apply_format_to_cell(cell):

    """
    Set background and font color For the current cell
    """

    ft = Font(color="FF0000")
    fill_black = PatternFill(bgColor="FFC7CE", fill_type="solid")

    cell.font = ft
    cell.fill = fill_black

    return cell


def open_existing_file(file_name):
    """
    open an existing file to format cell
    which is meeting a condition
    """

    wb = load_workbook(file_name)
    writer = pd.ExcelWriter(file_name, engine='openpyxl')
    writer.book = wb
    prices.to_excel(writer, sheet_name=today_as_str)
    ws = wb[today_as_str]

    for row in ws.iter_rows(2, ws.max_row, 2):
        """
        1st parameter says to start from 2 row 
        2nd parameter stands for -> till the last row with data. 
        3th parameter says start from 2 COLUMN. 
            In this case this is B2
        """
        cells_in_row = []  # making a list of cells which we will compare
        for cells in row:
            cells_in_row.append(cells)
        for cell in cells_in_row:
            if cell.value is not None and type(cell.value) is not str 
                    and cells_in_row[-1].value is not None and type(cells_in_row[-1].value) is not str:
                """
                Checks if the cell value is not Empty or str ( '' ).
                """

                if cell.value < cells_in_row[-1].value:
                    apply_format_to_cell(cell)
    if wb[f'{today_as_str + "1"}']:
        """
        For the first run only!
        Because: prices.to_excel(writer, sheet_name=today_as_str) will make again sheet
        with the same name -> Excel will put '1' at the end of name 'Sheet_name' > 'Sheet_name1'
        This if will delete this unwanted sheet!
        """
        del wb[f'{today_as_str + "1"}']

    writer.save()


prices = setting_prices.df  # import df with prices

today_as_str = datetime.strftime(datetime.now(), ' %d_%m_%y')
desktop_path = os.path.expanduser("~/Desktop")

filename = 'price_check.xlsx'


if os.path.exists(filename):
    open_existing_file(filename)
else:
    prices.to_excel(filename, sheet_name=today_as_str)
    open_existing_file(filename)

最终结果示例:

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