如何在lxml.html的树中插入HTML元素

2022-04-01 00:00:00 python lxml lxml.html

问题描述

我使用的是python3.3和lxml 3.2.0

问题：我有一个变量webpageString = "<html><head></head><body>webpage content</body></html>"中的网页我想在两个头标记之间插入一个css链接标记，这样我就可以得到 webpageString = "<html><head><link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'></head><body>webpage content</body></html>"

我编写了以下代码：

def addCssCode(self):
    tree = html.fromstring(self.article)
    headTag = tree.xpath("//head")
    #htmlTag = tree.getroot()

    if headTag is None:
        pass    #insert the head tag first

    cssLinkString = "<link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' href='"+ self.cssLocation+"'>"
    headTag[0].insert(1, html.HtmlElement(cssLinkString))
    print(cssLinkString)
    self.article = html.tostring(tree).decode("utf-8")

这会导致插入-

    <HtmlElement>&lt; link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' href='cssCode.css' &gt;</HtmlElement>

我也尝试了以下页面中的解决方案来解决相同的问题，但也不起作用。 python lxml append element after another element

我如何才能解决这个问题？谢谢

解决方案

使用.insert/.append方法。

import lxml.html

def add_css_code(webpageString, linkString):
    root = lxml.html.fromstring(webpageString)
    link = lxml.html.fromstring(linkString).find('.//link')
    head = root.find('.//head')
    title = head.find('title')
    if title == None:
        where = 0
    else:
        where = head.index(title) + 1
    head.insert(where, link)
    return lxml.html.tostring(root)

webpageString1 = "<html><head><title>test</title></head><body>webpage content</body></html>"
webpageString2 = "<html><head></head><body>webpage content</body></html>"
linkString = "<link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>"

print(add_css_code(webpageString1, linkString))
print(add_css_code(webpageString2, linkString))

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