sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) 通过 Selenium 和 Java 使用 findElement(By.className())

2022-01-15 00:00:00 selenium selenium-chromedriver webdriverwait java linktext

当我执行以下代码时:

driver.findElement(By.className("qview-product-name")).click();

我收到以下错误

Session ID: d5df6f837164b1738991e8dc09027fe0
*** Element info: {Using=class name, value=qview-product-name}
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.createException(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:187)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:122)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:49)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:158)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:83)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:552)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:323)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementByClassName(RemoteWebDriver.java:412)
    at org.openqa.selenium.By$ByClassName.findElement(By.java:389)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:315)
    at Logins.bcLogin(Logins.java:140)
    at Exception.main(Exception.java:54)

我正在处理的网页肯定包含以下 HTML 代码，我已尝试等待适当的时间来执行.

The webpage I am working on definately contains the following HTML code and I have tried waiting an appropriate amount of time to execute.

<dd class="qview-product-name"> <span class="note">1 x </span> <a href="Link_here"_blank">Title</a> </dd>

我以为我在使用各种方法定位元素方面已经做得很好了，但这让我很难过.关于我应该如何进行故障排除的任何想法?谢谢！

I thought I was getting pretty good at locating elements using the various methods, but this has me stumped. Any ideas on how I should go about troubleshooting? Thanks!

推荐答案

您需要注意以下几点:

By.className("qview-product-name") 指的是父 <dd> 标签，可能不是您想要单击的所需元素.相反，您的用例必须是单击 <a href="Link_here"_blank">Title</a> 元素.
根据最佳实践，在调用 click() 时，您需要为 elementToBeClickable() 并且您可以使用以下任一定位器策略:

By.className("qview-product-name") refers to the parent <dd> tag and perhaps is not the desired element you want to click. Rather your usecase must be to click on the <a href="Link_here"_blank">Title</a> element.

As per best practices, while invoking click() you need to induce you need to induce WebDriverWait for the elementToBeClickable() and you can use either of the following Locator Strategies:

linkText:

new WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.linkText("Title"))).click();

cssSelector:

new WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.cssSelector("dd.qview-product-name a[href='Link_here']"))).click();

xpath:

new WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath("//dd[@class='qview-product-name']//a[@href='Link_here' and text()='Title']"))).click();

确保:

JDK 升级到当前级别 JDK 8u222.
Selenium 已升级到当前级别版本 3.141.59.
ChromeDriver 已更新为当前 ChromeDriver v77.0 级别.
Chrome 已更新至当前 Chrome 版本 77.0 级别.(根据 ChromeDriver v77.0 发行说明)
清理你的项目工作区通过你的IDE和重建你的项目只需要依赖.
如果您的基本 Web 客户端版本太旧，请卸载它并安装最新的 GA 和发布版本的 Web 客户端.
进行一次系统重启.
以非 root 用户身份执行您的 @Test.

JDK is upgraded to current levels JDK 8u222.

Selenium is upgraded to current levels Version 3.141.59.

ChromeDriver is updated to current ChromeDriver v77.0 level.

Chrome is updated to the current Chrome Version 77.0 level. (as per ChromeDriver v77.0 release notes)

Clean your Project Workspace through your IDE and Rebuild your project with required dependencies only.

If your base Web Client version is too old, then uninstall it and install a recent GA and released version of Web Client.

Take a System Reboot.

Execute your @Test as non-root user.

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