如何使用 Google UiAutomator 按两次按钮?

2022-01-14 00:00:00 automated-tests android avd java android-uiautomator

我有以下脚本，用于在 Android 中使用 UiAutomator 在计算器中输入33".但是，只接受第一个 '3'，第二次按下完全被忽略.

I have the following script for typing '33' into the Calculator, in Android, using UiAutomator. However, only the first '3' is accepted, the second press is entirely ignored.

import com.android.uiautomator.core.*;
import com.android.uiautomator.testrunner.UiAutomatorTestCase;

public class MyFirstUiAutomatorTest extends UiAutomatorTestCase {
    UiObject getByDescription(String description) {
        return new UiObject(new UiSelector().description(description));
    }

    UiObject getByText(String description) {
        return new UiObject(new UiSelector().text(description));
    }

    UiObject scrollableGetByText(String text ) throws UiObjectNotFoundException {
            UiScrollable uiScrollable = new UiScrollable(new UiSelector().scrollable(true));
            uiScrollable.setAsHorizontalList();
            return uiScrollable.getChildByText(new UiSelector().className(
                    android.widget.TextView.class.getName()),
                    text);      
    }

    public void testStuff() throws UiObjectNotFoundException {
        getUiDevice().pressHome();
        getByDescription("Apps").clickAndWaitForNewWindow();
        getByText("Apps").click();
        scrollableGetByText("Calculator").clickAndWaitForNewWindow();

        // pressing '+' and '=' effectively clears the previous input
        getByText("+").click();
        getByText("=").click();
        getByText("3").click();
        // this second '3' is ignored
        getByText("3").click();
    }
}

我尝试在第一次点击后添加睡眠 2 秒，方法是:

I've tried adding a sleep for 2 seconds after the first click, by doing:

        try {
            Thread.sleep(2000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

...但这并没有改变任何东西.

... but that didn't change anything.

我还尝试在 2 个 '3' 之间单击另一个按钮，即:

I also tried clicking on a different button, in between the 2 '3's, ie:

        new UiObject(new UiSelector().text("3")).click();
        new UiObject(new UiSelector().className("android.widget.EditText")).click();
        new UiObject(new UiSelector().text("3")).click();

...但这也没有用.

想法?

(注意:在 AVD 中使用 Android 4.1.2；在 Ubuntu linux 12.04 上运行)

(Note: using Android 4.1.2, in an AVD; running on Ubuntu linux 12.04)

编辑，根据 Rami 的观察，我尝试了以下方法，以重复使用相同的 UiObject 对象来获得相同描述的第二次请求:

Edit, following Rami's observations, I tried the following, to reuse the same UiObject object for a second request for the same description:

HashMap<String,UiObject> objectByText = new HashMap<String,UiObject>(); 
UiObject getByText(String description) {
    if( objectByText.containsKey(description)) {
        System.out.println("" + objectByText.get(description) );
        return objectByText.get(description);
    }
    System.out.println("Created new object for [" + description + "]");
    UiObject object = new UiObject(new UiSelector().text(description));
    objectByText.put(description, object );
    System.out.println("" + object );
    return object;
}

...但它不起作用，即使它每次都清楚地重用同一个 UiObject，因为它只说一次为 [3] 创建新对象".

... but it didn't work, even though it is clearly reusing the same UiObject each time, because it only says 'Created new object for [3]' once.

然后我尝试了 UiDevice.click() 'trick'，通过创建一个函数 'click' 如下，再次遵循 Rami 的观察:

Then I tried the UiDevice.click() 'trick', by creating a function 'click' as follows, again, following Rami's observations:

void click(UiObject target ) throws UiObjectNotFoundException {
    Rect rect = target.getBounds();
    System.out.println("rect: " + rect );
    getUiDevice().click(rect.centerX(), rect.centerY());
}

但是，这对我也不起作用:只出现第一个3"，第二个被忽略，即使两次点击都明显在同一个地方，因为 rect:输出位置相同.如果我使用自己的桌面鼠标手动单击3"两次，则两个 3 都显示正常.

However, this didn't work for me either: only the first '3' appears, and the second is ignored, even though both clicks are clearly in the same place, because the rect: output locations are identical. If I click '3' twice manually, using my own desktop mouse, then both 3s appear ok.

我还尝试在两次点击之间添加两秒 Thread.sleep()，但我仍然只出现了一个3".

I also tried adding a two second Thread.sleep() between the clicks, and still only a single '3' appeared for me.

推荐答案

不要只按文本搜索，而是尝试按文本和类搜索.这是执行此操作的示例方法.

Instead of just searching by text, try searching by the text and the class. Here is a sample method for doing so.

Uiobject getByTextAndClass(String text, String className) {
    return new UiObject(new UiSelector().text(text).className(className));
}

然后，如果您尝试为带有数字 3 的计算器按钮调用此方法:

And then if you are trying to call this method for the Calculator button with number 3 on it:

getByTextAndClass("3", android.widget.Button.class.getName()).click();

您可以使用 UiAutomatorViewer 工具:{android-sdk}/tools/uiautomator.bat 查看不同 UiObject 的类名和其他属性.

You can use the UiAutomatorViewer tool: {android-sdk}/tools/uiautomator.bat to check the classnames and other attributes of different UiObjects.

这适用于我的 4.2.2 设备，但我正在下载 4.1.2 以在那里进行测试.

This works on my 4.2.2 devices, but I am downloading 4.1.2 to test it on there as well.

我在 4.1.2 AVD 上尝试过，它可以在我的 Windows 机器上运行.

I tried it on a 4.1.2 AVD and it works on my Windows machine.

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