如何在Python中绘制跟踪资源管理器(&Q)？

问题描述

我需要重新创建一个图-Trace explorer类似于下面在R中创建的图。我希望使用matplotlib，但找不到任何示例或引用来说明如何使用这样的Trace Explorer。有谁能给我指个方向吗？不过，我确实需要能够使用Python来做到这一点。

测试或样本数据

import pandas as pd

data_dict = {"Trace" : [["A-M", "B&M", "B&Q", "BLOG", "BYPAS", "CIM"],
                        ["B&M", "B&Q", "BLOG", "BYPAS"], 
                        ["BLOG", "BYPAS", "CIM"], 
                        ["A-M", "B&M", "B&Q", "BLOG"]],
             "Percentage" : [28.09, 32, 0.98, 18.68]}

data = pd.DataFrame(data_dict)


acronym = {"A-M" : "Alternating Maximization", 
           "B&M" : "Business & Management",
           "B&Q" : "Batch-And-Queue",
           "BLOG" : "Buy Locally Owned Group",
           "BYPAS" : "Bypass",
           "CIM" : "Common Information Model"
           }

---

解决方案

可以使用plt.Rectangle()创建彩色矩形，使用ax.text放置文本。

可以有多种变体。以下是一些示例代码，可帮助您入门：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

data_dict = {"Trace": [["A-M", "B&M", "B&Q", "BLOG", "BYPAS", "CIM"],
                       ["B&M", "B&Q", "BLOG", "BYPAS"],
                       ["BLOG", "BYPAS", "CIM"],
                       ["A-M", "B&M", "B&Q", "BLOG"]],
             "Percentage": [28.09, 32, 0.98, 18.68]}

acronym = {"A-M": "Alternating Maximization",
           "B&M": "Business & Management",
           "B&Q": "Batch-And-Queue",
           "BLOG": "Buy Locally Owned Group",
           "BYPAS": "Bypass",
           "CIM": "Common Information Model"
           }
cmap = plt.cm.get_cmap('rainbow')
color_dict = {acr: cmap((i + 1) / (len(acronym) + 1)) for i, acr in enumerate(acronym)}

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(12, 4))
percentage_position = max(len(t) for t in data_dict["Trace"]) + 1.1
for row, (trace, percentage) in enumerate(zip(data_dict["Trace"], data_dict["Percentage"]), start=1):
    for col, acr in enumerate(trace, start=1):
        ax.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((col - 0.5, row - 0.45), 1, 0.9, facecolor=color_dict[acr], edgecolor='black'))
        ax.text(col, row, acr, ha='center', va='center')
    ax.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((percentage_position - 0.5, row - 0.45), 1, 0.9, facecolor='grey', edgecolor='white'))
    ax.text(percentage_position, row, f'{percentage:.2f}%', ha='center', va='center', color='white')

ax.set_xlim(0.5, percentage_position + 0.5)
ax.set_xticks(range(1, int(percentage_position)))
ax.set_ylim(len(data_dict["Trace"]) + 0.45, 0.55) # y-axis is reversed
ax.set_yticks([])
handles = [plt.Rectangle((0, 0), 0, 0, facecolor=color_dict[acr], edgecolor='black', label=acronym[acr])
           for acr in acronym]
ax.legend(handles=handles, bbox_to_anchor=[1.02, 1.02], loc='upper left')
for dir in ['left', 'right', 'top']:
    ax.spines[dir].set_visible(False)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()