在pytest中验证来自SystemExit的错误代码或消息
问题描述
根据pytest文档,我可以断言发生了SystemExit(),但我想做更多的事情:我还想验证退出代码和任何消息。我尝试了下面的代码,但没有打印任何内容,并且我不确定需要断言什么才能证明我获得了正确的错误代码。
with pytest.raises(SystemExit):
docopt_args = validate_args(docopt_args)
out, err = pytest.capsys.readouterr()
assert out == 'Foo'
print out, err
当我运行我的测试时,它通过了,但仅此而已。没有打印任何内容,并且我没有收到断言错误。
我希望执行的代码是:
print '
' + docopt_args['-d'] + ' is not a valid date
'
sys.exit(-3)
解决方案
此功能适用于最新的pytest:
您只需使用--capture=sys
选项运行pytest
,并依赖于raises()
上下文之外的断言(此位出于某种原因很重要!)
示例:
#!/usr/bin/env python
from __future__ import print_function
import pytest
def f(code=0):
print("Foo")
raise SystemExit(code)
def test_f(capsys):
with pytest.raises(SystemExit):
f()
out, err = capsys.readouterr()
assert out == "Foo
"
print(out, err)
演示:
$ py.test -v --capture=sys test_foo.py
======================================= test session starts ========================================
platform linux2 -- Python 2.7.9 -- py-1.4.27 -- pytest-2.7.0 -- /home/prologic/.virtualenvs/test/bin/python
rootdir: /home/prologic/tmp, inifile:
collected 1 items
test_foo.py::test_f PASSED
===================================== 1 passed in 0.00 seconds =====================================
将print("Foo")
更改为print("Bar")
会导致:
$ py.test -v --capture=sys test_foo.py
======================================= test session starts ========================================
platform linux2 -- Python 2.7.9 -- py-1.4.27 -- pytest-2.7.0 -- /home/prologic/.virtualenvs/test/bin/python
rootdir: /home/prologic/tmp, inifile:
collected 1 items
test_foo.py::test_f FAILED
============================================= FAILURES =============================================
______________________________________________ test_f ______________________________________________
capsys = <_pytest.capture.CaptureFixture instance at 0x7f2729405518>
def test_f(capsys):
with pytest.raises(SystemExit):
f()
out, err = capsys.readouterr()
> assert out == "Foo
"
E assert 'Bar
' == 'Foo
'
E - Bar
E + Foo
test_foo.py:17: AssertionError
===================================== 1 failed in 0.01 seconds =====================================
我想这正是你想要的!
我在干净的virtualenv中完成了此操作:
mkvirtualenv test
pip install pytest
这里的诀窍是阅读和理解Setting capturing methods or disabling capturing
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