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问题描述

我有一个包含学生表格的页面。我添加了一个按钮，允许您向表中添加新行。为此，我将用户重定向到具有输入表单的页面。

问题是，在提交完成的表单之后，用户转到一个新的空页面。如何在完成的表单中传输数据并将用户重定向回表？

我刚刚开始学习Web编程，所以我决定先不使用AJAX技术来实现。

编码：

from fastapi import FastAPI, Form
from fastapi.responses import Response

import json
from jinja2 import Template

app = FastAPI()


# The page with the table
@app.get('/')  
def index():
    students = get_students()  # Get a list of students
    with open('templates/students.html', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
        html = file.read()
    template = Template(html)  # Creating a template with a table

    # Loading a template
    return Response(template.render(students=students), media_type='text/html')


# Page with forms for adding a new entry
@app.get('/add_student')
def add_student_page():
    with open('templates/add_student.html', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
        html = file.read()

    # Loading a page
    return Response(html, media_type='text/html')


# Processing forms and adding a new entry
@app.post('/add')
def add(name: str = Form(...), surname: str = Form(...), _class: str = Form(...)):
    add_student(name, surname, _class)  # Adding student data
    # ???

---

解决方案

首先，在返回jja2模板的情况下，应该返回TemplateResponse，如documentation所示。要将用户重定向到特定页面，可以使用RedirectResponse。由于您是通过POST(而不是GET)方法(如您的示例所示)执行此操作，因此将抛出405(不允许使用的方法)错误。不过，感谢@tiangolo，您可以change the response status code转到status_code=status.HTTP_303_SEE_OTHER，问题就解决了。下面是一个工作示例。如果将来需要将路径和/或查询参数传递给终结点，请同时查看this或this answer。

from fastapi import FastAPI, Request, Form, status
from fastapi.templating import Jinja2Templates
from fastapi.responses import RedirectResponse

app = FastAPI()
templates = Jinja2Templates(directory="templates")

# replace with your own get_students() method
def get_students():
    return ["a", "b", "c"]

@app.post('/add')
async def add(request: Request, name: str = Form(...), surname: str = Form(...), _class: str = Form(...)):
    # add_student(name, surname, _class)  # Adding student data
    redirect_url = request.url_for('index')    
    return RedirectResponse(redirect_url, status_code=status.HTTP_303_SEE_OTHER)    

@app.get('/add_student')
async def add_student_page(request: Request):
    return templates.TemplateResponse("add_student.html", {"request": request})

@app.get('/')
async def index(request: Request):
    students = get_students()  # Get a list of students
    return templates.TemplateResponse("index.html", {"request": request, "students": students})