在画布中标记两个圆圈之间的相交区域

2022-01-17 00:00:00 javascript html5-canvas

我正在尝试标记两个圆圈之间的重叠区域(例如在维恩图中).我想办法做到这一点是使用两个相交点绘制两条弧线，然后使用 fill() 填充路径.我知道交点的坐标，但如何将其用作 arc() 函数的输入?

I am trying to mark the overlapping area between two circles (like in a Venn Diagram). I figured the way to do this is by drawing two arcs using the two intersecting points and than fill the path using fill(). I know the coordinates of the intersection points, but how do I use that as an input for the arc() function?

ctx.beginPath();
ctx.arc(circle1.x,circle1.y,circle1.r, ? , ? ,true);
ctx.fill();
ctx.closePath();

推荐答案

可以使用画布的 globalCompositeOperation 绘制两个形状的交集

globalCompositeOperation 允许您控制在画布上显示新旧绘图的哪些部分.

The globalCompositeOperation allows you to control which parts of old and new drawings are shown on the canvas.

您可以在此处查看每种合成模式的示例:http://www.html5canvastutorials.com/advanced/html5-canvas-global-composite-operations-tutorial/

You can see examples of each compositing mode here: http://www.html5canvastutorials.com/advanced/html5-canvas-global-composite-operations-tutorial/

我们使用其中 2 种合成模式来突出显示您的 2 个圆圈的交集:

We use 2 of these compositing modes to highlight the intersection of your 2 circles:

源头

鉴于左圆已经绘制，source-atop 将仅绘制右圆的相交部分.

Given that the left circle is already draw, source-atop will draw only the intersecting part of the right circle.

    ctx.globalCompositeOperation="source-atop";
    ctx.arc(circle2.x,circle2.y,circle2.r, 0, 2*Math.PI, false);

目的地

鉴于左侧圆圈已经绘制，destination-over 将在现有的左侧圆圈下绘制右侧圆圈.

Given that the left circle is already draw, destination-over will draw the right circle under the existing left circle.

    ctx.globalCompositeOperation="destination-over";
    ctx.arc(circle2.x,circle2.y,circle2.r, 0, 2*Math.PI, false);

要吸收的东西很多，所以你可以注释掉所有的绘图代码，然后一次一个操作取消注释，看看每个操作有什么效果.

It’s a lot to take in, so you might comment out all the drawing code and then uncomment it one-opration-at-a-time to see what effect each operation has.

这是代码和小提琴:http://jsfiddle.net/m1erickson/JGSJ5/

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="css/reset.css" /> <!-- reset css -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery.min.js"></script>

<style>
    body{ background-color: ivory; }
    canvas{border:1px solid red;}
</style>

<script>
$(function(){

    var canvas=document.getElementById("canvas");
    var ctx=canvas.getContext("2d");

    ctx.fillStyle="yellow";
    ctx.strokeStyle="black";
    ctx.lineWidth=3;

    var circle1={x:100,y:100,r:50};
    var circle2={x:140,y:100,r:50};


    // draw circle1
    ctx.save();
    ctx.beginPath();
    ctx.arc(circle1.x,circle1.y,circle1.r, 0, 2*Math.PI, false);
    ctx.stroke();
    ctx.fill();

    // composite mode "source-atop" to draw the intersection
    ctx.beginPath();
    ctx.fillStyle="orange";
    ctx.globalCompositeOperation="source-atop";
    ctx.arc(circle2.x,circle2.y,circle2.r, 0, 2*Math.PI, false);
    ctx.fill();
    ctx.stroke();
    ctx.restore();

    // destination-over to draw fill for circle2 again
    ctx.beginPath();
    ctx.globalCompositeOperation="destination-over";
    ctx.arc(circle2.x,circle2.y,circle2.r, 0, 2*Math.PI, false);
    ctx.fill();

    // back to normal composite mode (newest drawings on top)
    ctx.globalCompositeOperation="source-over";

    // draw the stroke for circle1 again
    ctx.beginPath();
    ctx.arc(circle1.x,circle1.y,circle1.r, 0, 2*Math.PI, false);
    ctx.stroke();

    // draw the stroke for circle2 again
    ctx.beginPath();
    ctx.arc(circle2.x,circle2.y,circle2.r, 0, 2*Math.PI, false);
    ctx.stroke();

}); // end $(function(){});
</script>

</head>

<body>
    <canvas id="canvas" width=300 height=300></canvas>
</body>
</html>

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