用画布缩放

2022-01-17 00:00:00 canvas html html5-canvas html5-animation

在一个测试应用程序中，我有一个带有简单矩形的画布.draw 方法每 100 毫秒调用一次.

In a test application i have a canvas with a simple rectangle on it. The method draw is called every 100ms.

从代码中可以看出，我使用鼠标滚轮来缩放所有内容.现在发生的事情是，一切都被缩放了，但即当矩形位于 10px,10px 并且我将鼠标放在它上面时，矩形在缩放后不再位于鼠标下方.(这当然是正确的，因为所有单位都按比例放大.

as you can see from the code i'm using the Mousewheel to scale everything. What happens now is, that everything is scaled, but i.e. when the rectangle is at 10px,10px and i have the mouse right over it the rectangle is not under the mouse anymore after scaling. (Which is of course right because all units are scaled up to.

但我想要的是，鼠标位置是缩放动作的中心"，就像在谷歌地图中一样，所以缩放前位于鼠标下的内容，之后也位于鼠标下.我尝试了一些翻译，但我不知道该怎么做.

But what i want to is, that the mouseposition is the "center of the zooming action" like in google maps so the content which is under the mouse before scaling, is under the mouse afterwards as well. I made a few attemps with translating, but i can't figure out, how to do that.

提前致谢.

这是我的代码:

 <script type="text/javascript">
        var scroll = 0;
        var scale = 1.0;


                    /** This is high-level function.
         * It must react to delta being more/less than zero.
         */
        function handle(delta) {

                var canvas = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
                var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");

                scroll = delta;
                if(scroll > 0)
                {
                    scale += 0.2;
                }
                if(scroll < 0)
                {
                    scale -= 0.2;
                }


        }

        /** Event handler for mouse wheel event.
         */
        function wheel(event){
                var delta = 0;
                if (!event) /* For IE. */
                        event = window.event;
                if (event.wheelDelta) { /* IE/Opera. */
                        delta = event.wheelDelta/120;
                } else if (event.detail) { /** Mozilla case. */
                        /** In Mozilla, sign of delta is different than in IE.
                         * Also, delta is multiple of 3.
                         */
                        delta = -event.detail/3;
                }
                /** If delta is nonzero, handle it.
                 * Basically, delta is now positive if wheel was scrolled up,
                 * and negative, if wheel was scrolled down.
                 */
                if (delta)
                        handle(delta);
                /** Prevent default actions caused by mouse wheel.
                 * That might be ugly, but we handle scrolls somehow
                 * anyway, so don't bother here..
                 */
                if (event.preventDefault)
                        event.preventDefault();
            event.returnValue = false;
        }

        /** Initialization code. 
         * If you use your own event management code, change it as required.
         */
        if (window.addEventListener)
                /** DOMMouseScroll is for mozilla. */
                window.addEventListener('DOMMouseScroll', wheel, false);
        /** IE/Opera. */
        window.onmousewheel = document.onmousewheel = wheel;

        var drawX = 0;
        var drawY = 0;
        var overX = 0;
        var overY = 0;

         function startCanvas()
         {
             var myCanvas = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
             var ctx = myCanvas.getContext("2d");
             ctx.canvas.width  = window.innerWidth;
             ctx.canvas.height = window.innerHeight;                 
             setInterval(draw,100);
         }

         function draw()
         {
            var canvas = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
            var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");

            ctx.clearRect(0,0,window.innerWidth,window.innerHeight);
            ctx.save();
            ctx.scale(scale,scale);
            ctx.fillRect(drawX,drawY,20,20);
            //ctx.translate(-scale,-scale);
            ctx.restore();
            ctx.font="20pt Arial";  
            ctx.fillText(scale+":"+drawX,0,150);                
         }

         function canvasClick(event)
         {
            console.log(event.layerX+"/"+scale);
            drawX = event.layerX/scale;
            drawY = event.layerY/scale;
         }

         function canvasOver(event)
         {
            console.log("over");
            overX = event.layerX;
            overY = event.layerY;
         }

    </script>

推荐答案

其实是一道不平凡的数学题，通常被称为缩放点"

It's actually a non-trivial math question, usually known as a "zoom point"

看看这里画布用户想做同样的事情并找到了方法.

Take a look at here where another canvas user wanted to do the same thing and found a way.

<canvas id="canvas" width="800" height="600"></canvas>
<script type="text/javascript">
var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
var context = canvas.getContext("2d");
var scale = 1;
var originx = 0;
var originy = 0;

function draw(){
    context.fillStyle = "white";
    context.fillRect(originx,originy,800/scale,600/scale);
    context.fillStyle = "black";
    context.fillRect(50,50,100,100);
}
setInterval(draw,100);

canvas.onmousewheel = function (event){
    var mousex = event.clientX - canvas.offsetLeft;
    var mousey = event.clientY - canvas.offsetTop;
    var wheel = event.wheelDelta/120;//n or -n

    var zoom = 1 + wheel/2;

    context.translate(
        originx,
        originy
    );
    context.scale(zoom,zoom);
    context.translate(
        -( mousex / scale + originx - mousex / ( scale * zoom ) ),
        -( mousey / scale + originy - mousey / ( scale * zoom ) )
    );

    originx = ( mousex / scale + originx - mousex / ( scale * zoom ) );
    originy = ( mousey / scale + originy - mousey / ( scale * zoom ) );
    scale *= zoom;
}

</script>

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