Python解释器SEGFAULT
问题描述
我在运行python shell时遇到了奇怪的问题：
$ python3
Python 3.4.2 (default, Oct 8 2014, 10:45:20)
[GCC 4.9.1] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> print('Hello') # Error appears for any command in shell
[1] 9021 segmentation fault python3
但是当我运行python3 hello.py时，它可以工作。
我已经尝试了python2.7、python3.4和python3.5，并收到相同的错误。
OS Debian 8.4
更新%1
Jouralctl输出：
-- Logs begin at нд 2016-05-22 14:57:54 EEST, end at вт 2016-05-24 15:56:53 EEST. --
тра 24 15:56:53 desktop kernel: python[21150]: segfault at 0 ip (null) sp 00007ffda62fe218 error 14 in python3[400000+3b2000]
更新2
问题仍未解决，但我发现如果我以其他用户身份运行它，它可以正常工作。我已经尝试删除.cache和一些与python相关的目录(.jupyter, .ipython)，但是没有结果。
更新3
gdb输出
gdb python
GNU gdb (Debian 7.7.1+dfsg-5) 7.7.1
Copyright (C) 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-linux-gnu".
Type "show configuration" for configuration details.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>.
Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.
For help, type "help".
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word"...
Reading symbols from python...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
(gdb) run
Starting program: /usr/bin/python
[Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
Using host libthread_db library "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libthread_db.so.1".
Python 2.7.9 (default, Mar 1 2015, 12:57:24)
[GCC 4.9.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> print("Hello")
Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()
(gdb)
(gdb) backtrace
#0 0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()
#1 0x00007ffff694892e in rl_callback_read_char () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libreadline.so.6
#2 0x00007ffff6b67cd5 in ?? () from /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/readline.x86_64-linux-gnu.so
#3 0x0000000000449d88 in PyOS_Readline ()
#4 0x0000000000422d2a in ?? ()
#5 0x00000000004c4e8a in ?? ()
#6 0x00000000004c460e in PyParser_ASTFromFile ()
#7 0x0000000000449b11 in PyRun_InteractiveOneFlags ()
#8 0x0000000000449937 in PyRun_InteractiveLoopFlags ()
#9 0x000000000042d96b in ?? ()
#10 0x00000000004982f2 in Py_Main ()
#11 0x00007ffff6f12b45 in __libc_start_main (main=0x497d80 <main>, argc=1, argv=0x7fffffffe748, init=<optimized out>, fini=<optimized out>, rtld_fini=<optimized out>, stack_end=0x7fffffffe738) at libc-start.c:287
#12 0x0000000000497ca0 in _start ()
(gdb)
更新4
针对以下操作的Strace调试：
python
Python 2.7.9 (default, Mar 1 2015, 12:57:24)
[GCC 4.9.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> print("Hello")
[1] 17271 segmentation fault python
和strace日志：
strace -p 17271
Process 17271 attached
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], 0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "p", 1) = 1
write(1, "p", 1) = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "r", 1) = 1
write(1, "r", 1) = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "i", 1) = 1
write(1, "i", 1) = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "n", 1) = 1
write(1, "n", 1) = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "t", 1) = 1
write(1, "t", 1) = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "(", 1) = 1
write(1, "(", 1) = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, ")", 1) = 1
write(1, ")", 1) = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "33", 1) = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "[", 1) = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "D", 1) = 1
write(1, "10", 1) = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, """, 1) = 1
write(1, "")10", 3) = 3
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, """, 1) = 1
write(1, "")10", 3) = 3
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "33", 1) = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "[", 1) = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "D", 1) = 1
write(1, "10", 1) = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "H", 1) = 1
write(1, "H")1010", 5) = 5
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "e", 1) = 1
write(1, "e")1010", 5) = 5
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "l", 1) = 1
write(1, "l")1010", 5) = 5
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "l", 1) = 1
write(1, "l")1010", 5) = 5
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "o", 1) = 1
write(1, "o")1010", 5) = 5
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "", 1) = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "", 1) = 1
write(1, "
", 1) = 1
ioctl(0, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or SNDRV_TIMER_IOCTL_NEXT_DEVICE or TCGETS, {B38400 opost isig -icanon -echo ...}) = 0
ioctl(0, SNDCTL_TMR_STOP or SNDRV_TIMER_IOCTL_GINFO or TCSETSW, {B38400 opost isig icanon echo ...}) = 0
ioctl(0, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or SNDRV_TIMER_IOCTL_NEXT_DEVICE or TCGETS, {B38400 opost isig icanon echo ...}) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, [0], {0, 500000}) = 0 (Timeout)
write(1, "
", 1) = 1
--- SIGSEGV {si_signo=SIGSEGV, si_code=SEGV_MAPERR, si_addr=0} ---
+++ killed by SIGSEGV +++
更新5
环境变量diff(适用于root用户)：
更新6
以普通用户身份：
ldd /usr/bin/python
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffcb1648000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f316da1d000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f316d815000)
libutil.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libutil.so.1 (0x00007f316d60d000)
libz.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 (0x00007f316d3ed000)
libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007f316d0e5000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f316cd35000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x000055ca7cb3e000)
以root身份：
ldd /usr/bin/python
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fffc8ef0000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f79bf425000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f79bf21d000)
libutil.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libutil.so.1 (0x00007f79bf015000)
libz.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 (0x00007f79bedf5000)
libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007f79beaed000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f79be73d000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00005600afb99000)
解决方案
因此，经过一些调试(虽然注释现在看起来更像聊天，但它们可以作为调试会话的示例)，发现段错误是由于读取行设置的某些问题造成的，即特定于用户的~/.inputrc配置文件(我想说它可能是读取行错误，因为无论配置是什么，它都不应该是段错误)。
这显示了我们的软件是多么复杂和脆弱，因为乍一看，Python可能会以这种方式崩溃，这并不是因为一个库的配置文件损坏了，而这个库甚至没有多少人记得Python使用过(如果他们甚至记得它存在的话)。
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