用于在 JavaScript 中格式化数字的正则表达式

2022-01-12 00:00:00 regex formatting javascript

我需要使用 JavaScript 在网页上显示格式化的数字.我想格式化它，以便在正确的位置有逗号.我将如何使用正则表达式来做到这一点?我已经做到了这样的事情:

I need to display a formatted number on a web page using JavaScript. I want to format it so that there are commas in the right places. How would I do this with a regular expression? I've gotten as far as something like this:

myString = myString.replace(/^(d{3})*$/g, "${1},");

...然后意识到这将比我想象的更复杂(并且上面的正则表达式 甚至没有接近我需要的).我已经进行了一些搜索，但我很难找到适合这个的东西.

...and then realized this would be more complex than I think (and the regex above is not even close to what I need). I've done some searching and I'm having a hard time finding something that works for this.

基本上，我想要这些结果:

Basically, I want these results:

  • 45 变成 45
  • 3856 变为 3,856
  • 398868483992 变为 398,868,483,992

...你明白了.

推荐答案

这可以在单个正则表达式中完成，无需迭代.如果您的浏览器支持 ECMAScript 2018，您可以简单地使用环视并在正确的位置插入逗号:

This can be done in a single regex, no iteration required. If your browser supports ECMAScript 2018, you could simply use lookaround and just insert commas at the right places:

搜索 (?<=d)(?=(ddd)+(?!d)) 并全部替换为 ,

Search for (?<=d)(?=(ddd)+(?!d)) and replace all with ,

在旧版本中，JavaScript 不支持后视，因此这不起作用.幸运的是，我们只需要稍作改动:

In older versions, JavaScript doesn't support lookbehind, so that doesn't work. Fortunately, we only need to change a little bit:

搜索 (d)(?=(ddd)+(?!d)) 并全部替换为 1,

Search for (d)(?=(ddd)+(?!d)) and replace all with 1,

所以，在 JavaScript 中，它看起来像:

So, in JavaScript, that would look like:

result = subject.replace(/(d)(?=(ddd)+(?!d))/g, "$1,");

说明:断言从字符串中的当前位置开始，可以匹配三的倍数的数字，并且在当前位置的左边有一个数字.

Explanation: Assert that from the current position in the string onwards, it is possible to match digits in multiples of three, and that there is a digit left of the current position.

这也适用于小数 (123456.78)，只要点右侧"没有太多数字(否则你会得到 123,456.789,012).

This will also work with decimals (123456.78) as long as there aren't too many digits "to the right of the dot" (otherwise you get 123,456.789,012).

也可以在 Number 原型中定义，如下:

You can also define it in a Number prototype, as follows:

Number.prototype.format = function(){
   return this.toString().replace(/(d)(?=(d{3})+(?!d))/g, "$1,");
};

然后像这样使用它:

var num = 1234;
alert(num.format());

学分:Jeffrey Friedl，掌握正则表达式，第 3 期.版, p.66-67

Credit: Jeffrey Friedl, Mastering Regular Expressions, 3rd. edition, p. 66-67

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