如何在带有 mysql 的 PDO 中使用 ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE?

2021-12-26 00:00:00 duplicates mysql pdo

详情

我正在为新的或更新的许可证的到期做一个插入.有效期为自插入之日起 2 年.如果检测到重复，条目将被更新，使得到期时间等于剩余到期时间加上 2 年.

I am doing a single insert for the expiry of a new or renewed licence. The time period for the expiry is 2 years from the insertion date. If a duplicate is detected, the entry will be updated such that the expiry equals the remaining expiry plus 2 years.

关于重复，在下面的例子中应该只有一行包含 user_id =55 和 licence=commercial.

Regarding duplicates, in the example below there should only be one row containing user_id =55 and licence=commercial.

表格: licence_expiry

TABLE: licence_expiry

--------------------------------------------------------
|   user_id   |   licence   |           expiry         |  
--------------------------------------------------------
|     55      |  commercial |     2013-07-04 05:13:48  |  
---------------------------------------------------------

user_id (int11), license (varchan50), expiry (DATETIME)

user_id (int11), licence (varchan50), expiry (DATETIME)

我认为在 mysql 中你会这样写(请注意，我还没有检查代码在 mysql 中是否有效.)

I think in mysql you would write it something like this (Please note that I haven't checked whether the code works in mysql. )

INSERT INTO `licence_expiry`
(`user_id`, `licence`, `expiry`)
VALUES
(55, commercial, NOW()+ INTERVAL 2 YEAR)
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
`expiry` = `expiry` + INTERVAL 2 YEAR

问题:如何使用 PDO 做到这一点?我已经写了一个我认为我将使用的粗略大纲，但我不确定要为 ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE 的到期值写什么.

QUESTION: How can I do this with PDO? I've written a rough outline of what I think I will use, but I'm not sure what to write for the expiry value for the ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE.

$sql = "INSERT INTO $table (user_id, licence, expiry)
                        VALUES (
                        :user_id,  
                        :licence,
                        :expiry)
    ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE expiry = Something"; 


try {
    $dbh = new PDO('login info here');
    $dbh->setAttribute( PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION );
    $stmt = $dbh->prepare($sql);
    $stmt->bindParam(':user_id', $userID, PDO::PARAM_INT);     
    $stmt->bindParam(':licence',$licence, PDO::PARAM_STR);
    $stmt->bindParam(':expiry',$expiry, PDO::PARAM_STR);                            
    $stmt->execute();
    //$stmt->closeCursor(); //use this instead of $dbh = null   if you will continue with another DB function
    $dbh = null; 
    }

    catch(PDOException $e)
    {
    $error=$e->getMessage();        
    }

非常感谢任何帮助.

推荐答案

你可以使用 MySQL 的 VALUES() 函数:

You can use MySQL's VALUES() function:

在 INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE 语句，可以使用 VALUES(col_name) 函数/doc/en/update.html">UPDATE 子句引用来自 INSERT 语句的部分.换句话说，VALUES(col_name)update.html">UPDATE 子句指的是要插入的 col_name 的值，没有发生重复键冲突.

In an INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE statement, you can use the VALUES(col_name) function in the UPDATE clause to refer to column values from the INSERT portion of the statement. In other words, VALUES(col_name) in the UPDATE clause refers to the value of col_name that would be inserted, had no duplicate-key conflict occurred.

因此，就您而言:

ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE expiry = VALUES(expiry)

或者，您可以创建第四个参数，再次将 $expiry 绑定到该参数:

Alternatively, you can create a fourth parameter to which you bind $expiry again:

$sql = "INSERT INTO $table (user_id, licence, expiry)
                        VALUES (
                        :user_id,
                        :licence,
                        :expiry)
    ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE expiry = :another";


try {
    $dbh = new PDO('login info here');
    $dbh->setAttribute( PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION );
    $stmt = $dbh->prepare($sql);
    $stmt->bindParam(':user_id', $userID , PDO::PARAM_INT);
    $stmt->bindParam(':licence', $licence, PDO::PARAM_STR);
    $stmt->bindParam(':expiry' , $expiry , PDO::PARAM_STR);
    $stmt->bindParam(':another', $expiry , PDO::PARAM_STR);
    $stmt->execute();
    // etc.

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