使用 Django admin 的自定义列
问题描述
我有一个模型 Data
,关联到这样的表(模型 Data
仅由 IntegerField 组成):
I have a model Data
, associated to a table like this (The model Data
is made up of only IntegerField):
subject | year | quarter | sales |
----------------------------------
1 | 2010 | 1 | 20 |
1 | 2010 | 2 | 100 |
1 | 2010 | 3 | 100 |
1 | 2010 | 4 | 20 |
1 | 2011 | 1 | 30 |
1 | 2011 | 2 | 50 |
1 | 2011 | 4 | 40 |
2 | 2010 | 1 | 30 |
2 | 2010 | 2 | 20 |
[..-GO ON this way...]
我想要一个 django-admin 表,只读有列(当前年份 = 2011,季度 = 1
)
I want to have a django-admin table, in read-only having columns (current year = 2011, quarter = 1
)
subject | sales current year | sales current quarter | sales last year | sales current quarter last year |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 | 110 | 30 | 240 | 20
[AND SO ON]
问题是:使用 django-admin 可以做到吗?出路是什么?
解决方案
您可以使用 Model
或 ModelAdmin
上的方法作为 list_display代码>.请参阅:https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/contrib/admin/#django.contrib.admin.ModelAdmin.list_display
You can use methods on your Model
or your ModelAdmin
as items for list_display
. See: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/contrib/admin/#django.contrib.admin.ModelAdmin.list_display
由于这些方法在管理员之外也可能有用,我建议将它们添加到您的 Model
中.
Since these are methods that might be useful outside the admin, as well, I'd suggest adding them to your Model
.
from django.db.models import Sum
class Data(models.Model):
...
# Method used by `get_current_year_sales` and `get_last_year_sales`
# to stay DRY. Not for use directly in admin.
def get_year_sales(self, year):
qs = self.model._default_manager.filter(year=year)
sales_agg = qs.aggregate(Sum('sales'))
return sales_agg['sales__sum']
# Method used by `get_current_quarter_sales` and `get_last_quarter_sales`
# to stay DRY. Not for use directly in admin.
def get_quarter_sales(self, year, quarter):
qs = self.model._default_manager.filter(year=year, quarter=quarter)
sales_agg = qs.aggregate(Sum('sales'))
return sales_agg['sales__sum']
def get_current_year_sales(self):
return self.get_year_sales(datetime.now().year)
get_current_year_sales.short_description = 'Sales (Current Year)'
def get_last_year_sales(self):
return self.get_year_sales(datetime.now().year-1)
get_last_year_sales.short_description = 'Sales (Last Year)'
def get_current_quarter_sales(self):
# Determine current quarter logic here as `current_quarter`
# `quarter_year` will likely be same as current year here,
# but will need to be calculated for previous quarter
return self.get_quarter_sales(quarter_year, current_quarter)
get_current_quarter_sales.short_description = 'Sales (Current Quarter)'
def get_current_quarter_sales(self):
# Logic here to determine last quarter as `last_quarter`
# Logic to determine what year last quarter was in as `quarter_year`
return self.get_quarter_sales(quarter_year, last_quarter)
get_last_quarter_sales.short_description = 'Sales (Last Quarter)'
short_description
属性决定管理员将在这些方法的行标题中显示的内容.因此,一旦您完成了所有这些,您只需修改 ModelAdmin
的 list_display
属性,例如:
The short_description
attribute determines what the admin will show as the row header for these methods. So, once you have all this in place, you need only modify your ModelAdmin
's list_display
attribute like:
class DataAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
...
list_display = ('subject', 'get_current_year_sales', 'get_last_year_sales', 'get_current_quarter_sales', 'get_last_quarter_sales')
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