在 Rails 中使用特定的 mysql 索引

2021-10-26 00:00:00 ruby-on-rails ruby mysql activerecord

我有这个 ActiveRecord 查询

I have this ActiveRecord query 

issue = Issue.find(id)
issue.articles.includes(:category).merge(Category.where(permalink: perma))

翻译成mysql查询

SELECT `articles`.`id` AS t0_r0, `articles`.`title` AS t0_r1, 
       `articles`.`hypertitle` AS t0_r2, `articles`.`html` AS t0_r3,
       `articles`.`author` AS t0_r4, `articles`.`published` AS t0_r5,
       `articles`.`category_id` AS t0_r6, `articles`.`issue_id` AS t0_r7,
       `articles`.`date` AS t0_r8, `articles`.`created_at` AS t0_r9, 
       `articles`.`updated_at` AS t0_r10, `articles`.`photo_file_name` AS t0_r11,
       `articles`.`photo_content_type` AS t0_r12, `articles`.`photo_file_size` AS t0_r13,
       `articles`.`photo_updated_at` AS t0_r14, `categories`.`id` AS t1_r0,
       `categories`.`name` AS t1_r1, `categories`.`permalink` AS t1_r2,
       `categories`.`created_at` AS t1_r3, `categories`.`updated_at` AS t1_r4,
       `categories`.`issued` AS t1_r5, `categories`.`order_articles` AS t1_r6 
        FROM `articles` LEFT OUTER JOIN `categories` ON 
       `categories`.`id` = `articles`.`category_id` WHERE 
       `articles`.`issue_id` = 409 AND `categories`.`permalink` = 'Διεθνή' LIMIT 1

在这个查询的解释中，我看到使用了错误的索引

In the explation of this query I saw that uses wrong index

+----+-------------+------------+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+---------+-------+------+----------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table      | type  | possible_keys                                                             | key                           | key_len | ref   | rows | filtered | Extra       |
+----+-------------+------------+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+---------+-------+------+----------+-------------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | categories | const | PRIMARY,index_categories_on_permalink                                     | index_categories_on_permalink | 768     | const |    1 |   100.00 |             |
|  1 | SIMPLE      | articles   | ref   | index_articles_on_issue_id_and_category_id, index_articles_on_category_id | index_articles_on_category_id | 2       | const |   10 |   100.05 | Using where |
+----+-------------+------------+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------+---------+-------+------+----------+-------------+

我有两个索引，category_id 和 issue_id - category_id.

I have two indexes, category_id alone and issue_id - category_id.

在此查询中，我使用 issue_id 和 category_id 进行搜索，使用 index_articles_on_issue_id_and_category_id 比 index_articles_on_category_id.

In this query I'm searching with issue_id and category_id which is much faster when using the index_articles_on_issue_id_and_category_id than the index_articles_on_category_id.

如何通过活动记录查询选择正确的索引?

How can I select the correct index with active record query?

推荐答案

你可以像这样方便使用索引:

You can facilitate arel like so to use an index:

 class Issue
   def self.use_index(index)
     # update: OP fixed my mistake
     from("#{self.table_name} USE INDEX(#{index})")
   end
 end

 # then
 Issue.use_index("bla").where(some_condition: true)

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