Python:Google API - 从消息中获取 mimeTypes

2022-01-23 00:00:00 python parsing gmail-api gmail

问题描述

我的目标是使用 Google API 从我指定的电子邮件中获取数据.目前我可以找到消息，获取消息数据并将消息数据解码为可读格式.在此之后，我需要找到我的消息的正确部分(类型 text/html)，然后使用美丽的汤.不幸的是，我对电子邮件/Google API 的结构了解不够，无法扫描邮件的这个特定部分.

My goal is to use the Google API to take data from an email I have specified. Currently I can find the message, get the message data and decode the message data into a readable format. After this I need to find the correct part of my message (type text/html) and then scan for my link using beautiful soup. Unfortunately I don't understand enough about the structure of the email/Google API to scan for this specific part of the mail.

try: message = gmail_service.users().messages().get(userId='me', id=thread['id'], format='raw').execute() print 'Message snippet: %s' % message['snippet'] msg_str = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(message['raw'].encode('ASCII')) mime_msg = email.message_from_string(msg_str) print mime_msg #this line gives the output I quoted for parts in mime_msg['payload']: #this line produces error quoted if parts['text/html']: mylink = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(part[0]['body']['data'].encode('UTF-8')) print mylink

这段代码给我的错误是:

And the error that this code gives me is:

Traceback (most recent call last): File "gmailAPI.py", line 55, in <module> for parts in mime_msg['payload']: TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not iterable

在代码的输出中，我还收到了邮件不同部分的信息，这就是我想要的部分:

In the output for the code I also receive the information on different parts of the mail, this is the part I want:

----boundary_1_81681de2-2c9a-4827-802a-91544e5e6e28 Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 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链接到我的代码中的完整转储

我的固定代码

try: message = gmail_service.users().messages().get(userId='me', id=thread['id'], format='raw').execute() # print 'Message snippet: %s' % message['snippet'] msg_str = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(message['raw'].encode('ASCII')) msg = email.message_from_string(msg_str) for part in msg.walk(): msg.get_payload() if part.get_content_type() == 'text/html': mytext = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(part.get_payload().encode('UTF-8')) # print part.get_payload() print mytext

在我选择的答案文档链接上找到的信息对于解决我的问题非常宝贵！

The information found on my chosen answers documentation link was invaluable in solving my issue!

解决方案

要在 Python 中遍历多部分消息的各个部分，您应该使用 get_payload(): https://docs.python.org/2/library/email.message.html#email.message.Message.get_payload

To iterate through the parts of a multipart message in Python, you should use get_payload(): https://docs.python.org/2/library/email.message.html#email.message.Message.get_payload

在您的示例中，对 mime_msg['payload'] 的调用正在查找名为payload"的消息标头，该标头不存在，也不是您想要的.

In your example, the call to mime_msg['payload'] is looking up a message header named "payload", which doesn't exist and is not what you want anyway.

一旦你手头有一个部件，你可以使用 part['Content-Type'] 检查它的类型来检查 Content-Type 标头.

Once you have a part in hand, you can check its type using part['Content-Type'] to examine the Content-Type header.

一般来说，MIME 消息是由部分组成的树，因此您可能需要递归.

In general, MIME messages are trees of parts, so you may need to recurse.

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