从 CPython 迁移到 Jython

问题描述

I'm considering moving my code (around 30K LOC) from CPython to Jython, so that I could have better integration with my java code.

Is there a checklist or a guide I should look at, to help my with the migration? Does anyone have experience with doing something similar?

From reading the Jython site, most of the problems seem too obscure to bother me.

I did notice that:

• thread safety is an issue
• Unicode support seems to be quite different, which may be a problem for me
• mysqldb doesn't work and needs to be replaced with zxJDBC

Anything else?

Related question: What are some strategies to write python code that works in CPython, Jython and IronPython

解决方案

I'm starting this as a wiki collected from the other answers and my experience. Feel free to edit and add stuff, but please try to stick to practical advice rather than a list of broken things. Here's an old list of differences from the Jython site.

Resource management

Jython does not use reference counting, and so resources are released as they are garbage collected, which is much later then you'd see in the equivalent CPython program

• open('file').read() doesn't automatically close the file. Better use the with open('file') as fp idiom.
• The __ del __ method is invoked very late in Jython code, not immediately after the last reference to the object is deleted.

MySQL Integration

mysqldb is a c module, and therefore will not work in jython. Instead, you should use com.ziclix.python.sql.zxJDBC, which comes bundled with Jython.

Replace the following MySQLdb code:

connection = MySQLdb.connect(host, user, passwd, db, use_unicode=True, chatset='utf8')

With:

url = "jdbc:mysql://%s/%s?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull" % (host, db)
connections = zxJDBC.connect(url, user, passwd, "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver")

You'll also need to replace all _mysql_exception with zxJDBC.

Finally, you'll need to replace the query placeholders from %s to ?.

Unicode

• You can't express illegal unicode characters in Jython. Trying something like unichr(0xd800) would cause an exception, and having a literal u'ud800' in your code will just wreak havoc.

Missing things

• C modules are not available, of course.
  • So no NumPy or SciPy.
• os.spawn* functions are not implemented. Instead use subprocess.call.

Performance

• For most workloads, Jython will be much slower than CPython. Reports are anything between 3 to 50 times slower.

Community

The Jython project is still alive, but is not fast-moving. The dev mailing list has about 20 messages a month, and there seem to be only about 2 developers commiting code lately.