无法让 SQL Server 启动或通过 SSMS 连接到我的本地数据库引擎

The failure log for the installation gave the following information:

2013-03-05 12:17:37.34 Server  Microsoft SQL Server 2012 (SP1) - 11.0.3128.0 (X64)  Dec 28   2012 20:23:12  Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation  Enterprise Edition (64-bit) on Windows NT 6.1 <X64> (Build 7601: Service Pack 1)  
2013-03-05 12:17:37.34 Server  (c) Microsoft Corporation.  
2013-03-05 12:17:37.34 Server  All rights reserved.  
2013-03-05 12:17:37.34 Server  Server process ID is 5116.  
2013-03-05 12:17:37.34 Server  System Manufacturer: 'SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.', System Model: 'RV411/RV511/E3511/S3511/RV711'.  
2013-03-05 12:17:37.34 Server  Authentication mode is WINDOWS-ONLY.
2013-03-05 12:17:37.34 Server  Logging SQL Server messages in file 'C:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL11.MSSQLSERVERMSSQLLogERRORLOG'.  
2013-03-05 12:17:37.34 Server  The service account is 'NT ServiceMSSQLSERVER'. This is an informational message; no user action is required.  
2013-03-05 12:17:37.35 Server  Registry startup parameters:   
 -d C:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL11.MSSQLSERVERMSSQLDATAmaster.mdf    
 -e C:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL11.MSSQLSERVERMSSQLLogERRORLOG    
 -l C:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL11.MSSQLSERVERMSSQLDATAmastlog.ldf  
2013-03-05 12:17:37.35 Server  Command Line Startup Parameters:    
 -s "MSSQLSERVER"
 -m "SqlSetup"
 -Q
 -q "Latin1_General_CI_AS"
 -T 4022
 -T 4010
 -T 3659
 -T 3610
 -T 8015
 -T 902
2013-03-05 12:17:37.69 Server  SQL Server detected 1 sockets with 2 cores per socket and 4 logical processors per socket, 4 total logical processors; using 4 logical processors based on SQL Server licensing.  This is an informational message; no user action is required.  
2013-03-05 12:17:37.69 Server  SQL Server is starting at normal priority base (=7). This is an informational message only. No user action is required.  
2013-03-05 12:17:37.69 Server  Detected 6004 MB of RAM. This is an informational message; no user action is required.  
2013-03-05 12:17:37.69 Server  Using conventional memory in the memory manager.  
2013-03-05 12:17:38.02 Server  Perfmon counters for resource governor pools and groups failed to initialize and are disabled.  
2013-03-05 12:17:38.73 Server  Node configuration: node 0: CPU mask: 0x000000000000000f:0 Active CPU mask: 0x000000000000000f:0. This message provides a description of the NUMA configuration for this computer. This is an informational message only. No user action is required.  
2013-03-05 12:17:38.75 Server  Using dynamic lock allocation.  Initial allocation of 2500 Lock blocks and 5000 Lock Owner blocks per node.  This is an informational message only.  No user action is required.  
2013-03-05 12:17:38.75 Server  Database Mirroring Transport is disabled in the endpoint configuration.  
2013-03-05 12:17:38.76 Server  Software Usage Metrics is disabled.  
2013-03-05 12:17:38.92 spid4s  Warning
 ******************  
2013-03-05 12:17:38.92 spid4s  SQL Server started in single-user mode. This an informational message only. No user action is required.
2013-03-05 12:17:39.07 spid4s  Starting up database 'master'.  
2013-03-05 12:17:39.66 Server  CLR version v4.0.30319 loaded.  
2013-03-05 12:17:40.35 spid4s  SQL Server Audit is starting the audits. This is an informational message. No user action is required.  
2013-03-05 12:17:40.38 spid4s  SQL Server Audit has started the audits. This is an informational message.  No user action is required.  
2013-03-05 12:17:41.33 spid4s  SQL Trace ID 1 was started by login "sa".  
2013-03-05 12:17:41.60 spid4s  Server name is 'E2E-LAPTOP'. This is an informational message only. No user action is required.  
2013-03-05 12:17:41.82 spid12s Password policy update was successful.  
2013-03-05 12:17:41.87 spid12s Error: 17190, Severity: 16, State: 1.  
2013-03-05 12:17:41.87 spid12s Initializing the FallBack certificate failed with error code: 1, state: 20, error number: 0.  
2013-03-05 12:17:41.87 spid12s Unable to initialize SSL encryption because a valid certificate could not be found, and it is not possible to create a self-signed certificate.  
2013-03-05 12:17:42.00 spid12s Error: 17182, Severity: 16, State: 1.  
2013-03-05 12:17:42.00 spid12s TDSSNIClient initialization failed with error 0x80092004, status code 0x80. Reason: Unable to initialize SSL support. Cannot find object or property.  
2013-03-05 12:17:42.00 spid12s Error: 17182, Severity: 16, State: 1.  
2013-03-05 12:17:42.00 spid12s TDSSNIClient initialization failed with error 0x80092004, status code 0x1. Reason: Initialization failed with an infrastructure error. Check for previous errors. Cannot find object or property.  
2013-03-05 12:17:42.00 spid12s Error: 17826, Severity: 18, State: 3.  
2013-03-05 12:17:42.00 spid12s Could not start the network library because of an internal error in the network library. To determine the cause, review the errors immediately preceding this one in the error log.  
2013-03-05 12:17:42.00 spid12s Error: 17120, Severity: 16, State: 1.
2013-03-05 12:17:42.00 spid12s SQL Server could not spawn FRunCommunicationsManager thread. Check the SQL Server error log and the Windows event logs for information about possible related problems.

2013 年 3 月 7 日:我现在通过在闪亮的新 Windows 8 笔记本电脑上安装 SQL Server 解决了这个问题(使用与我在错误机器上尝试的完全相同的过程).当我有精力时，我会回来看看我是否可以在我的另一台机器上解决这个问题.如果我有任何成功，我会更新这篇文章.