I am sorry for the stupid questions. But i will greatly appreciate if you could answers my question.

解决方案

import getpass
import pickle
import hashlib
from os import path

def Encryption(data):
    return hashlib.sha512(data).hexdigest()

## First we check if the database exists.
if path.isfile('database.db'):
    with open('database.db', 'rb') as fh:
        db = pickle.load(fh)

## If it doesn't, we will create one.
else:
    ## First we create the desired variable.
    db = {'torxed' : Encryption('wham'), 'someoneelse' : Encryption('pass')}
    ## Then we open a filehandle to it.
    with open('database.db', 'wb') as fh:
        ## And then we dump the variable into the filehandle.
        ## This will keep the variable intact between sessions,
        ## meaning the next time you start your script, the variable will look the same.
        pickle.dump(db, fh)


## Then we ask the user for his/hers credentials.
user = raw_input('Username: ')
_pass = getpass.getpass('Password: ')

## If the user exists in the "db" and the decoded password
## Matches the logged in user, it's a-ok :)
if user in db and db[user] == Encryption(_pass):
    print('You logged in')

添加更多用户

import pickle, hashlib

def Encryption(data):
    return hashlib.sha512(data).hexdigest()

with open('database.db', 'rb') as fh:
    db = pickle.load(fh)

db['new_user'] = Encryption('password')

with open('database.db', 'wb') as fh:
    pickle.dump(db, fh)

另一种方法是在添加用户时使用 sys.argv 从命令行获取用户名和密码，在这种情况下:

import pickle, hashlib, sys
if len(sys.argv) < 3:
    raise ValueError('Need two parameters, username and password')

def Encryption(data):
    return hashlib.sha512(data).hexdigest()

with open('database.db', 'rb') as fh:
    db = pickle.load(fh)

db[sys.argv[1]] = Encryption(sys.argv[2])

with open('database.db', 'wb') as fh:
    pickle.dump(db, fh)