如何在绘图条形图上左对齐文本(包含示例图像)[Plotly-Dash]
问题描述
我在向图表添加文本时需要帮助.
I need help in adding text to my graph.
我已经尝试过 text = 'y' 和 text-position = 'inside'，但是对于小条形图，文本会垂直或被压扁，因此它可以放在条形图内.我只是想让它写出来.
I have tried text = 'y' and text-position = 'inside' but the text goes vertical or gets squashed for small bar charts so it can fit inside the bar. I just want it to write across.
这是需要修复的代码的工作示例:
Here is a working example of the code that needs fixing:
app = dash.Dash(__name__)
app.css.append_css({'external_url': 'https://codepen.io/amyoshino/pen/jzXypZ.css'})
labels1 = ['0-7', '8-12', '13-15', '16-20', '21-25', '26+']
values1 = [10, 30, 10, 5, 6, 8]
labels2 = ['India', 'Scotland', 'Germany', 'NW England', 'N Ireland', 'Norway', 'NE England', 'Paris', 'North Africa', 'scandinavia']
values2 = [1, 0, 4, 9, 11, 18, 50, 7, 0, 2]
values3 = [10, 111, 75, 20]
labels4 = ['Safety Manager', 'Office Administrator', 'Internal Officer', 'Assistant Producer']
bar_color = ['#f6fbfc', '#eef7fa', '#e6f3f7', '#deeff5', '#d6ebf2', '#cde7f0', '#c5e3ed', '#bddfeb', '#b5dbe8', '#add8e6']
bar_color2 = ['#e6f3f7', '#deeff5', '#d6ebf2', '#cde7f0', '#c5e3ed', '#bddfeb', '#b5dbe8', '#add8e6']
app.layout = html.Div([
html.Div([
html.Div([
dcc.Graph(id = 'age',
figure = {
'data': [go.Bar(x = values1,
y = labels1,
orientation = 'h',
marker=dict(color = bar_color2),
text = labels1,
textposition = 'inside'
)
],
'layout': go.Layout(title = 'Number of respondees per tenure',
yaxis=dict(
zeroline=False,
showline=False,
showgrid = False,
autorange="reversed",
),
xaxis=dict(
zeroline=False,
showline=False,
showgrid = False
)
)
}
)
], className = 'four columns'),
html.Div([
dcc.Graph(id = 'location',
figure = {
'data': [go.Bar(x = values2,
y = labels2,
orientation = 'h',
marker=dict(color = bar_color),
text = labels2,
textposition = 'inside'
)
],
'layout': go.Layout(title = 'Number of respondees per region',
yaxis=dict(
zeroline=False,
showline=False,
showgrid = False,
autorange="reversed",
),
xaxis=dict(
zeroline=False,
showline=False,
showgrid = False
) )
}
)
], className = 'four columns'),
html.Div([
dcc.Graph(id = 'job',
figure = {
'data': [go.Bar(x = values3,
y = labels4,
orientation = 'h',
marker=dict(color = bar_color2),
text = labels4,
textposition = 'inside'
)
],
'layout': go.Layout(title = 'Number of respondees per role',
yaxis=dict(
# automargin=True,
zeroline=False,
showline=False,
showgrid = False,
autorange="reversed",
),
xaxis=dict(
zeroline=False,
showline=False,
showgrid = False
)
)
}
)
], className = 'four columns')
], className = 'row')
])
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run_server()
这是输出:
以下是我希望文本外观的示例:
Here's an example of how I want my text to look:
我在两件事上需要帮助:
I need help with two things:
- 使文本与栏的左侧而不是右侧对齐.
- 如果条形长度很短，我希望文本仍然可见(即使条形长度为零)并且不会被压扁或垂直对齐.
如果您还可以在第三张图表中解释如何修复 y 轴被切断，那就太棒了.现在，我必须更改标签以强制其适合，这很耗时.有没有办法为容器添加填充或其他东西?
If you can also give an explanation of how to fix y-axis being cut off in the third chart that would be amazing. For now, I have to change the labels to force it to fit which is time-consuming. Is there a way of adding padding to the container or something?
谢谢.
解决方案
这是一个不优雅的解决方法，但是在搜索了 plotly python 文档之后，我找不到任何可以用提供的 plotly 属性来满足你的要求.如果您现在需要一次性快速修复，请尝试使用 yaxis=dict(showticklabels=False) 并手动添加标签作为注释，例如:
This is an inelegant workaround, but after scouring the plotly python docs, I couldn't find anything that would do exactly what you were asking with the plotly attributes provided. If you need a one-time, quick fix now, try using yaxis=dict(showticklabels=False) and add your labels manually as annotations like:
layout = go.Layout(
# Hide the y tick labels
yaxis=dict(
showticklabels=False),
annotations=[
dict(
# I had to try different x values to get alignment
x=0.8,
y='giraffes',
xref='x',
yref='y',
text='Giraffes',
font=dict(
family='Arial',
size=24,
color='rgba(255, 255, 255)'
),
align='left',
# Don't show any arrow
showarrow=False,
),
我得到的输出看起来像:
The output I got looked like:
您可以检查 Plotly Annotations 和 图表属性 文档看看有没有是什么更适合您的需求.
You can check the Plotly Annotations and Chart Attributes documentation to see if there is anything that better suits your needs.
我在将代码添加到问题之前就开始发布此回复.下面是一个示例，说明如何为相关代码中第一个图形的前两个 y 标签制作注释:
I started posting this response before the code was added to the question. Here is an example of how the annotations could be made for the first two y labels of the first graph in the code in question:
app.layout = html.Div([
html.Div([
html.Div([
dcc.Graph(id = 'age',
figure = {
'data': [go.Bar(x = values1,
y = labels1,
orientation = 'h',
marker=dict(color = bar_color2),
text = labels1,
textposition = 'inside'
)
],
'layout': go.Layout(title = 'Number of respondees per tenure',
yaxis=dict(
zeroline=False,
showline=False,
showgrid = False,
showticklabels=False
autorange="reversed",
),
xaxis=dict(
zeroline=False,
showline=False,
showgrid = False
)
),
annotations=[dict(
x=0.8,
y=labels1[0],
xref='x',
yref='y',
text=labels1[0],
font=dict(
family='Arial',
size=24,
color='rgba(255, 255, 255)'
),
align='left',
showarrow=False,
),
dict(
x=1.2,
y=labels1[1],
xref='x',
yref='y',
text=labels1[1],
font=dict(
family='Arial',
size=24,
color='rgba(255, 255, 255)'
),
align='left',
showarrow=False,
),
编辑 2: @ user8322222，要回答您评论中的问题，您可以使用列表理解来制作注释字典，如下所示:
Edit 2: @ user8322222, to answer the question in your comment, you could use a list comprehension to make your annotations dictionary like so:
annotations1 = [dict(x=(len(labels1[i])*0.15), y=labels1[i], xref='x', yref='y',
text=labels1[i], font=dict(family='Arial', size=24, color='rgba(255, 255, 255)'),
align='left', showarrow=False) for i in range(len(labels1))]
但是我认为不会有一个常数可以乘以字符中的文本长度(就像我在示例中使用的 x 一样)以获得完美对齐.您可以对字符串使用像素长度或其他度量，如 这篇文章来设计一种更准确的方法来确定 x 以使其正确对齐.希望对您有所帮助.
However I don't think there will be a constant you could multiply by the length of the text in characters (like I used for x in the example) to get perfect alignment. You could use the pixel length or other measures for the string as in this post to devise a more accurate way of determining x to get it properly aligned. Hope that helps.
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